,英语,第二部分 中考题型解读 第五大题 短文填空,第五大题 短文填空,题型分析 “短文填空”考查方式是给出一段200词左右的短文和一幅图画，在短文中挖出10空，要求考生仔细观察所给图片并通读短文，掌握大意，然后补全短文，每空一词。其中所填的单词是中考英语考纲要求四会掌握的词，主要以实词(名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词、数词等)为主。,第五大题 短文填空,真题分析 一、(2014广东)短文填空 请用适当的词完成下面这封信，每个空只能填写一个形式正确、意义相符的单词。,I am Jackie Lee, an American Chinese.Let me tell you about my grandfathers life story. My grandfather was 71. in 1932 and grew up in a poor village in Fujian, China.At the age of 14, he first heard of America.It was said to be the land of gold and poor people could easily become 72. there.,born,rich,第五大题 短文填空,So, my grandfather came to America.“I had thought it was easy to 73. money in America,” he told me.“ But when I 74. in Los Angeles, I realized it was not true.I couldnt find a good job because I spoke little English. I wanted to go to a language school to learn English,75. I couldnt afford it.Later, I worked in a small 76. , serving the guests, cleaning up the tables, washing the dishes and sweeping the floors.I was such 77. helpful and honest worker that my boss was pleased with me.I was popular with my workmates,78. .Life became easier and in the end I entered an evening school to learn English.” My grandfather kept working hard, and finally made 79. dream come true.Things do not come easily in life.That is what I have learned 80. my grandfather.,make,arrived,but,restaurant,a,too,his,from,第五大题 短文填空,第五大题 短文填空,二、(2013广东 )短文填空 请用适当的词完成下面这封信，每个空只能填写一个形式正确、意义相符的单词。,Dear Anne, How are you? I had great fun last Wednesday, 71. 12th,2013.It was a traditional Chinese festival called Dragon Boat Festival that day. This festival is in memory of Qu Yuan, one of 72. greatest Chinese poets.He killed himself by jumping into the Miluo River on May 5th of the lunar calendar(阴历) ，278 BC.People there rowed the boats to 73. him.But it,June,the,save,第五大题 短文填空,was too late.They were very sad and then threw rice into the 74. to feed the fishes so that they would stay away from his body.75. then on, every year on this day, people enjoy 76. Zongzi which is made of rice with meat, eggs and so on.In the past we ate it only 77. a year, but now we regarded it as our daily food.We can have it any time we like. Have you ever 78. the dragon boat race on TV? It is another important part of this festival.Several teams row their dragon-shaped boats as 79. as they can.The first team to reach the finish line wins. If you have a plan to visit China next year, would 80. like to spend this festival with us? Best wishes, Xiao Qiang,river/water,From,eating/having,once,watched/seen,fast,you,第五大题 短文填空,第五大题 短文填空,解题技巧 从上面的分析来看，短文填空主要考查以下几个方面： (1)借助于图对上下文(整篇)的理解和把握；(解答的基础) (2)理解及推测句子的含义，绝大部分答案可以根据句意得出；(答题的要点) (3)习惯用法和常用搭配(短语)的掌握情况(每年均考查23题的固定搭配)； (4)逻辑推理及根据生活常识判断。 根据上面的分析我们归纳出实用的短文填空的解题技巧，同学们在平时的练习中可以采用以下的方法多加练习。,第五大题 短文填空,1.阅读图文弄清大意。 快速阅读全图和全文，掌握大意，抓住关键词语和文章的主要线索。一定要先整体快速读完，不能边读边做，因为后面的信息往往有助于对前面细节的理解，从而有利于对主题思想的领悟。 2.理解句意得出答案。 掌握了文章的大意后，做题时首先要推测句意，根据句意来填词。一般情况下理解了句意，要填的词语也就顺利出来了。有时单个句子不好理解，就要借助上下文来理解，或根据整篇文章的大意来推测出这个句子的含义。,第五大题 短文填空,3.先易后难，多方位考虑。 解答时，如果个别空格填不出，也可以先做下面的题。做完较容易的题目之后，再集中精力思考那些难题。有的难题可能只知其意而不会写，这时要从多方位考虑。英语中一意多词表达法比较多，只要考生能根据词意填入正确的词即可。因此在明确空格词意后，可以把表达此意的有关的词在脑海中罗列出来，找出最好的和最有把握的词填进去，这样难度就大大地降低了。 4.复读图文检查验证。 做完后，通读全文，判断初定的答案能否使全文连贯流畅，内容清晰完整，情节合乎逻辑，语义和语法正确，再检查全文的人称、时态、主谓语是否一致，还要注意所填单词是否要作词形变化：如名词是否要用复数，形容词是否要用比较级，动词是否要变时态。发现问题，及时更正。,第五大题 短文填空,复习方法 短文填空是综合性较强的考题，想要在中考得到高分必须在平时多下功夫积累好基础知识。下面我们列举一些积累的学习方法，由于篇幅的限制我们不能列出太多内容，同学们可以自己准备笔记本在平时练习时遇到自己没有掌握好的内容记下来。 一、熟记单词。 包括单词的形、音、义和词性，还要记住它的同义词、反义词，同时注意词形和词性的转变。请同学们认真识记好每一个考纲单词。,第五大题 短文填空,需要记住的单词: 1.umbrella 雨伞 2.camera 相机 3.magazine 杂志 4.schoolbag书包 5.present/gift 礼物 6.advice建议 7.business 商务 8.pocket 口袋 9.cinema 相机 10.piano 钢琴 11.violin 小提琴 12.concert 音乐会 13.sweater 毛衣 14.coat 大衣 15.picnic 野炊 16.French 法语 17.vegetable 蔬菜 18.environment 环境 19.thirsty口渴的 20.hungry 饥饿的 21.difficult 困难的 22.different 不同 23.necessary必要的 24.important 重要的 25.proud 自豪的 26.careless 粗心的 27.careful 细心的 28.healthy 健康的 29.visit 参观 30.begin/start 开始 31.protect 保护 32.understand 理解 33.push 推 34.pull拉 35.pass通过 36.believe 相信 37.receive 收到 38.afford 负担得起 39.celebrate 庆祝 40.promise 承诺,第五大题 短文填空,需要记住的动词及过去式: 1.buybought 买 2.feelfelt 感觉 3.fallfell 摔倒 4.hearheard 听到 5.loselost 丢失 6.makemade 制造，使得 7.saysaid 说 8.seesaw 看见 9.telltold 告诉 10.breakbroke 打破 11.givegave 给 12.wakewoke 醒来 13.catchcaught 抓住 14.findfound 找到,发现 15.leaveleft 离开 16.lielay 躺下 17.drivedrove 驾驶 18.spendspent 花费 19.teachtaught 教 20.thinkthought 想, 认为 21.taketook 带走, 花费 22.bringbrought 拿来 23.ringrang (铃)响 24.eatate 吃 【我的积累：请同学们积累在自己的笔记本上。】,第五大题 短文填空,二、熟记短语。 注意短语的固定搭配和用法，并熟记初中阶段的重点短语。 需要记住的短语: 1.lose weight 减肥 2.fall down 摔倒 3.lie/stay in bed 躺在床上 4.look over (医生) 仔细检查 (病人) 5.be (badly) hurt 伤