Unit14 Modern Architectures,新世纪高职高专 旅游与酒店管理类课程规划教材,www.dutpgz.cn,www.dutpgz.cn,大连理工大学出版社,Contents,1,2,3,4,5,Lead-in,Text,Exercises,Reading Skill,Related Information,www.dutpgz.cn,大连理工大学出版社,Lead-in,Have you been to Beijing? Where did you go in Beijing? Do you know Birds Nest and Water Cube? What are they? What happened in Birds Nest on the 8th August, 2008? Discuss these questions with your partner.,www.dutpgz.cn,大连理工大学出版社,Text,Olympic Stadiuma Birds Nest The National Stadium (Birds Nest) is located in the Olympic Theme Park in Beijing and covers a construction area of 258,000 square meters with a seating capacity of 91,000 people, including 20,000 makeshift seats. It is the main stadium of the 29th Summer Olympic Games, where major activities and competitions such as the opening and closing ceremonies, track and field evens and mens football final have successfully been held. The top of the structure is oval-saddle shaped and the “walls” are knitted by huge dendritic steel bars supporting each other. As no vertical pillar has been used, there is no dead angle at all from the grandstand, making the entire structure look unique, simple and graceful. The shape has won it nickname of “Birds Nest” that nurtures and protects life.,www.dutpgz.cn,大连理工大学出版社,Text,The final design of the venue stood as the winner out of thousands of designs in a special global-oriented designing bidding competition, which was a crystallization of collective wisdoms. The designers included two Swiss companies and the China Architecture Design Institute. Construction work began on the stadium with earthworks and foundations in late 2003 and the main construction work started in March 2004. By August 2004 construction work had been halted due to the perceived high construction costs. The designers were asked to change the design to save money. The construction of the Olympic building started once again at the beginning of 2005.,www.dutpgz.cn,大连理工大学出版社,Text,Getting everyone close enough in such a big venue was a real challenge and getting the calculations right was an immense task. For example, changing the height of the first row of seating by just 100mm would make the stadium significantly larger and higher and increase the cost by several million pounds. The designers got an optimum balance among making sure every spectator have a good view, creating a good atmosphere and designing an elegant building.,www.dutpgz.cn,大连理工大学出版社,Text,Following the Games, 20,000 seats are to be removed and replaced by commercial facilities. These will include a museum and a hotel, linked with the main commercial and parking areas below the lower tier and in the plinth surrounding the stadium. The stadium was also designed for the Paralympics. For this, the number of spaces for wheelchairs could be increased considerably and put into various locations around the stadium, in both competitor and spectator areas. The Olympic Stadium in Beijing has become not only the landmark architecture of the Beijing Olympic Games, but also a favorite place of the locals for sporting and entertainment.,www.dutpgz.cn,大连理工大学出版社,Text,The National Aquatics Center (Water Cube) The “blue box of water” is the main aquatics gymnasium of the Games. With a contruction area of nearly 80,000 square meters, it is designed to accommodate 17,000 people. It is the biggest membrane construction in the world. The exterior is covered by 1,437 environment-friendly and energy-saving membrane plates, which is only 2.4 millimeters thick. The walls and the top of the building are supported by thin steel tubes and no reinforcing steel bar or concrete is used.,www.dutpgz.cn,大连理工大学出版社,Text,The “Water Cube” is the only Olympic venue approved by Beijing Olympic Committee to be built with donations from compatriots of Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan and overseas Chinese. Birds Nest and Water Cube, two symbolic buildings of Beijing 2008 Olympic Games, are located on both sides of the citys central axis at the northern tip. They are equipped with special water collection systems on their roofs, which melt ice and snow, and can thus do this job year-round. The rain water and snow falling on the ground around the venues will be collected through special bricks that act as a sieve to divert water to an underground system. The collected water will first be treated and then combined with recycled water supplied by wastewater treatment plants for flushing toilets, irrigating plants and washing parking lots and roads.,www.dutpgz.cn,大连理工大学出版社,Classic Flash Back,“For a long time, China has dreamed of opening its door and inviting the worlds athletes to Beijing for the Olympic Games. Tonight that dream comes true.” by Jacques Rogge (President of International Olympic Committee) “. you and me, from one world, we are family, travel dream, a thousand miles, meeting in Beijing, come together, put your hand in mine .” Theme Song Lyrics of the 29th Summer Olympic Games,www.dutpgz.cn