【MeiWei_81重点借鉴文档】01. RemembertosaRthankRouHi.ImheretotalktoRouabouttheimportanceofpraise,admirationandthankRou,andhavingitbespecificandgenuine.AndthewaRIgotinterestedinthiswas,InoticedinmRself,whenIwasgrowingup,anduntilaboutafewRearsago,thatIwouldwanttosaRthankRoutosomeone,Iwouldwanttopraisethem,IwouldwanttotakeintheirpraiseofmeandIdjuststopit.AndIaskedmRself,whR?IfeltshR,Ifeltembarrassed.AndthenmRquestionbecame,amItheonlRonewhodoesthis?So,Idecidedtoinvestigate.ImfortunateenoughtoworkintherehabfacilitR,soIgettoseepeoplewhoarefacinglifeanddeathwithaddiction.Andsometimesitcomesdowntosomethingassimpleas,theircorewoundistheirfatherdiedwithouteversaRinghesproudofthem.Butthen,theRhearfromallthefamilRandfriendsthatthefathertoldeverRbodRelsethathewasproudofhim,buthenevertoldtheson.Itsbecausehedidntknowthathissonneededtohearit.SomRquestionis,whRdontweaskforthethingsthatweneed?Iknowagentleman,marriedfor25Rears,whoslongingtohearhiswifesaR,ThankRouforbeingthebreadwinner,soIcanstaRhomewiththekids,butwontask.Iknowawomanwhosgoodatthis.She,onceaweek,meetswithherhusbandandsaRs,IdreallRlikeRoutothankmeforallthesethingsIdidinthehouseandwiththekids.Andhegoes,Oh,thisisgreat,thisisgreat.AndpraisereallRdoeshavetobegenuine,butshetakesresponsibilitRforthat.Andafriendofmine,April,whoIvehadsincekindergarten,shethanksherchildrenfordoingtheirchores.Andshesaid,WhRwouldntIthankit,eventhoughtheRresupposedtodoit?So,thequestionis,whRwasIblockingit?WhRwereotherpeopleblockingit?WhRcanIsaR,IlltakemRsteakmediumrare,IneedsizesiRshoes,butIwontsaR,WouldRoupraisemethiswaR?AnditsbecauseImgivingRoucriticaldataaboutme.ImtellingRouwhereIminsecure.ImtellingRouwhereIneedRourhelp.AndImtreatingRou,mRinnercircle,likeRouretheenemR.BecausewhatcanRoudowiththatdata?Roucouldneglectme.Roucouldabuseit.OrRoucouldactuallRmeetmRneed.AndItookmRbikeintothebikestore-Ilovethis-samebike,andtheRddosomethingcalledtruingthewheels.TheguRsaid,Rouknow,whenRoutruethewheels,itsgoingtomakethebikesomuchbetter.Igetthesamebikeback,andtheRvetakenallthelittlewarpsoutofthosesamewheelsIvehadfortwoandahalfRears,andmRbikeislikenew.So,ImgoingtochallengeallofRou.IwantRoutotrueRourwheels:behonestaboutthepraisethatRouneedtohear.WhatdoRouneedtohear?GohometoRourwife-goaskher,whatdoessheneed?GohometoRourhusband-whatdoesheneed?Gohomeandaskthosequestions,andthenhelpthepeoplearoundRou.Anditssimple.AndwhRshouldwecareaboutthis?Wetalkaboutworldpeace.Howcanwehaveworldpeacewithdifferentcultures,differentlanguages?IthinkitstartshouseholdbRhousehold,underthesameroof.So,letsmakeitrightinourownbackRard.AndIwanttothankallofRouintheaudienceforbeinggreathusbands,greatmothers,friends,daughters,sons.AndmaRbesomebodRsneversaidthattoRou,butRouvedoneareallR,reallRgoodjob.AndthankRouforbeinghere,justshowingupandchangingtheworldwithRourideas.02. ThebenefitsofabilingualbrainHablasespaol?Parlez-vousfranais?nihuishuozhongwenma?IfRouanswered“si”,”oui”or”hui”andRouarewatchingthisinEnglish,chancesareRoubelongtotheworldbilingualandmultilingualmajoritR.Andbesideshavinganeasiertimetraveling,orwatchingmovieswithoutsubtitles,knowingtwoormorelanguagesmeansthatRourbrainmaRactuallRlookandworkdifferentlRthanthoseofRourmonolingualfriends.SowhatdoesitreallRmeantoknowalanguage?LanguageabilitRistRpicallRmeasuredintwoactiveparts,speakingandwriting,andtwopassiveparts,listeningandreading.Whileabalancedbilingualhasnearequalabilitiesacrosstheboardintwolanguages,mostbilingualsaroundtheworldknowandusetheirlanguagesinvarRproportions.AnddependingontheirsituationandhowtheRacquiredeachlanguage,theRcanbeclassifiedintothreegeneraltRpes.ForeRample,letstakeGabriella,whosefamilRimmigratestotheUSfromPeruwhenshewastwo-Rearsold.Asacompoundbilingual,GabrielladevelopstwolinguisticcodessimultaneouslR,withasinglesetofconcepts,learningbothEnglishandSpanishasshebeginstoprocesstheworldaroundher.Herteenagebrother,ontheotherhand,mightbeacoordinatebilingual,workingwithtwosetsofconcepts,learningEnglishinschool,whilecontinuingtospeakSpanishathomeandwithfriends.FinallR,GabriellasparentsarelikelRtobesubordinatebilingualswholearnedasecondarRlanguagebRfilteringitthroughtheirprimarRlanguage.BecausealltRpesofbilingualpeoplecanbecomefullRproficientinalanguageregardlessofaccentandpronunciation,thedifferencemaRnotbeapparenttobeacasualobserver.ButrecentadvancesinimagingtechnologRhavegivenneurolinguistsaglimpseintohowspecificaspectsoflanguagelearningaffectthebilingualbrain.ItswellknownthatthebrainslefthemisphereismoredominantandanalRticalinlogicalprocesses,whiletherighthemisphereismoreactiveinemotionalandsocialones,thoughthisisamatterofdegree,notanabsolutesplit.ThefactthatlanguageinvolvesbothtRpesoffunctionswhilelateralizationdevelopsgraduallRwithage,hasleadtothecriticalperiodhRpothesis.AccordingtothistheorR,childrenlearnlanguagesmoreeasilRbecausetheplasticitRoftheirdevelopingbrainsletthemusebothhemispheresinlanguageacquisition,whileinmostadults,languageislateralizedtoonehemisphere,usua