英语国家社会与文化入门(上册）,The Society and Culture of Major English-Speaking Countries An Introduction (Book One),The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland Unit 1 A Brief Introduction to the United Kingdom,Quiz,Give the English and a brief explanation for the following: 1 大英帝国 2 英联邦国家组织 3 亚瑟王 4 苏格兰高地 5 威尔士亲王,Focal Points,effects of UKs imperial past a multiracial society the significant role of London cultural and economic dominance of England invasion from the Roman Empire settlement of the Anglo-Saxons Vikings from Scandinavia William the Conqueror physical features of Scotland the Battle of Bannockburn Union with England in 1707 strong Scottish identity Wales unification with the UK,This Unit Is Divided into Four Sections,A Brief Introduction to the United Kingdom England Scotland Wales,I. A Brief Introduction to the United Kingdom,The full name of the country is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. It is a complicated name for what is in many ways a complicated country. The legacy of the long gone British Empire and joining of the EU have changed Britains position in the world. The four constituent parts plus post-war immigration from the former colonies have rendered the UK a multiracial society. There are differences between the capital and the provinces, between the north and the south. London (England) is in the south of the country, and is dominant in the UK in all sorts of ways.,The UK has an area of 93,800 square miles (243,000 km2), making it the 80th -largest sovereign state in the world and the 11th- largest in Europe. The UK is the 22nd -most populous country, with an estimated 64.1 million inhabitants.,The two maps show the position of the UK in the world and the four constituent parts of the UK,At its height, the British Empire was the largest empire in history. By 1922 the British Empire held sway over about 458 million people, one-fifth of the worlds population at the time. The empire covered more than 33,700,000 square km (13,012,000 sq mi), almost a quarter of the Earths total land area.,The Commonwealth of Nations, commonly known as the Commonwealth (formerly the British Commonwealth), is an intergovernmental organisation of 53 member states that were mostly territories of the former British Empire.,The UK maintains its links with its former colonies through the Commonwealth of Nations.,The European Union (EU) is a politico-economic union of 28 member states that are located primarily in Europe. The EU operates through a system of supranational institutions and intergovernmental negotiated decisions by the member states.,Since its entry into EU in 1973, the UK has developed a closer relationships with Europe.,The importance of London in the UK,London is the capital city of England and the United Kingdom. It is the most populous city in the United Kingdom, with a metropolitan area of over 13 million inhabitants. London is a leading global city, with strengths in the arts, commerce, education, entertainment, fashion, finance, healthcare, media, professional services, research and development, tourism, and transport, all of which contribute to its preeminence. It is one of the worlds leading financial centres and has the fifth-or sixth-largest metropolitan area GDP in the world depending on measurement. London has a diverse range of peoples and cultures, and more than 300 languages are spoken within Greater London. The regions official population was 8,416,535 in 2013, making it the most populous municipality in the European Union, and accounting for 12.5% of the UK population.,London has four World Heritage Sites: the Tower of London, Westminster Palace, Westminster Abbey, St. Margrets Church.,Tower of London and Westminster Palace,London held 3 Olympic games 1908, 1948 and 2012 respectively.,2012 Olympics,The City of London is widely referred to simply as the City and is also colloquially known as the Square Mile, as it is 1.12 sq mi (2.90 km2) in area. It is one of the financial centres of the world.,The skyline of the City of London in December 2013,II. England,England is a highly urbanized country, with 80% of its population living in cities, and only 2% of the population working in agriculture. Its largest city is the capital London, which is dominant in the UK in all fields: government, finance, and culture. British history has been a history of invasions: Romans, Anglo-Saxons, Vikings and the Normans. The Glorious Revolution of 1688 changed Britain into a constitutional monarchy. One of the best-known English legends, King Arthur, derives from the Anglo-Saxon period.,England has a total area of 130,395 square km and its population is 53,012,456 (2011 census) with a density of 407 persons/square km.,England and its Flag,England: History of Invasion and Conquest,The Celts The Romans The Anglo-Saxons (King Arthur); Anglo-land=England: form the basis of the modern English race and language The Vikings The Normans (William the Conqueror 1066, Rob