四级2002年12月Passage OneQuestions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage. Like many of my generation, I have a weakness for hero worship. At some point, however, we all begin to question our heroes and our need for them. This leads us to ask: What is a hero? Despite immense differences in cultures, heroes around the world generally share a number of characterstics that instruct and inspire people. A hero does something worth talking a about. A hero has a story of adventure to tell and a community who will listen. But a hero goes beyond mere fame. Heroes serve powers or principles larger than themselves. Like highvoltage transformers, heroes take the energy of higher powers and step it down so that it c an be used by ordinary people. The hero lives a life worthy of imitation. Those who imitate a genuine hero experience life with new depth, enthusiasm, and meaning. A sure test for wouldbe heroes is what or whom do they serve? What are they willing to live and die for? If the answer or evidence suggests they serve only their own fame, they may be famous persons but not heroes. Madonna and Michael Jackson are famous, but who would claim that their fans find life more abundant? Heroes are cantalysts(催化剂) for change. they have a vision from the mountain top. They have the skill and the charm to move the masses. They create new possibilities. Without Gandhi, India might still be part of the British Empire. Without Rosa Parks and Martin Luther King, Jr., we might still have segregated (隔离的) buses, restaurants, and parks. It may be possible for large scale change to occur without leaders with magnetic personalities, but the pace of change would be slow, the vision uncertain, and the committee meetings endless.11.Although heroes may come from different cultures, they _.A) generally process certain inspiring characteristics B) probably share some weaknesses of ordinary peopleC) are often influenced by previous generations D) all unknowingly attract a large number of fans12.According to the passage, heroes are compared to high-voltage transformers in that _ .A) they have a vision from the mountaintop B) they have a warm feelings and emotionsC) they can serve as concrete examples of noble principles D) they can make people feel stronger and more confident13.Madonna and Michael Jackson are not considered heroes because _ .A) they are popular only among certain groups of people B) their performances do not improve their fans morallyC) their primary concern is their own financial interests D) they are not clear about the principles they should follow14.Gandhi and Martin Luther King are typical examples of outstanding leaders who _ .A) are good at demonstrating their charming characters B) can move the masses with their forceful speechesC) are capable of meeting all challenges and hardships D) can provide an answer to the problems of their people15.The author concludes that historical changes would _ .A) be delayed without leaders with inspiring personal qualitiesB) not happen without heroes making the necessary sacrificesC) take place if there were heroes to lead the peopleD) produce leaders with attractive personalities Passage TwoQuestions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage: According to a survey, which was based on the responses of over 188,000 students , todays traditionalage college freshmen are more materialistic and less altruistic (利他主义的) than at any time in the 17 years of the poll. Not surprising in these hard times, the students major objective is to be financially well off. Less important than ever is developing a meaningful philosophy of life. It follows then that today the most popular course is not literature or history but accounting. Interest in teaching, social service and the altruistic fields is at a low. On the other hand, enrollment in business programs, engineering and computer science is way up. Thats no surprise either. A friend of mine (a sales representative for a chemic al company) was making twice the salary of her college instructors her first yea r on the job-even before she completed her twoyear associate degree.While its true that we all need a career, it is equally true that our civilization has accumulated an incredible amount of knowledge in fields far removed from our own and that we are better for our understanding of these other contributions- be they scientific or artistic. It is equally true that, in studying the diverse wisdom of others, we learn how to think. More important, perhaps, education teaches us to see the connections between things, as well as to see beyond our immediate needs. Weekly we read of unions who went on strike for higher wages, only to drive their employer out of business. No company: no job. How shortsighted in the long run ! But the most importa