定 语 从 句I. 定语从句关系词 1. 引入课题1. The girl _ is sitting in the chair is a good singer.2. The skirt _ Mary bought two years ago is old.3. Is this the novel _ you introduced to me?4. Where is the boy _ broke the window?5. Luckily none of the people _were killed in the earthquake.2. 定语从句概念在复合句中，修饰某_的从句叫做定语从句.被修饰的_叫先行词。Eg. He is an English teacher who likes singing songs. 关系代词 : 引导词 关系副词: _关系词先行词所指关系词在句中作用关系代词关系副词3. 关系词的作用： 1、连接作用 2、替代作用 3、成分作用 例 1. The man _ gave you the talk yesterday is our teacher.例2: The boy_ the nurse is looking after is my friend.例3: The car_ is red was damaged yesterday.例4: The question_ I dont understand is about 4. 练习：用定语从句合并句子。1. The boys are from Grade one. The boys are playing basketball. _ 2. The nurse is kind. The nurse looks after my sister. _ 3. We watched the play “Teahouse”. The play was written by Lao She. _4. The young man is a famous writer. You saw the young man yesterday._5. This is the house. Lu Xun once lived in the house. _II. 关系代词的具体用法1.由who, whom, whose引导的定语从句。who用作主语，whom用作宾语，whose用作定语。whose + n. = the + n.+ of + whom / which (1) This is the man who helped me. (作 ) (2) The doctor whom you are looking for is in the Room2E (作 )(3) Do you know the man whose name is Wang Yu? (作 ) Do you know the man _ is Wang Yu ? (4) Mary lives in the house whose roof is red. (作 ) Mary lives in the house_ is red.练习： 1. The student _father works in the factory is sitting there.2. I like the rooms _windows face south.3. This is the desk _legs were broken. 4. Yesterday she talked with one woman _ husband died in that accident. A. which B. whose C. of which D. that2. Which引导的定语从句。which在从句做主语或谓语动词和介词的宾语。 The building which stands near the river is our school. (作 ) This is the book (which) you want. (作 ) The room in which there is a machine is a workshop. (作 )which引导的非限制性定语从句。 I have lost my pen, which I like very much.3. 由that引导的定语从句。 that在从句中可以指人或物，在从句中做主语或谓语动词的宾语。A plane is a machine that can fly. (作 )The letter that I received was from my father.（作 ）但不能放在介词后面作介词的宾语。This is the school in that you will study. ( )This is the school in which you will study. ( )This is the school (which/that) you will study in. ( )特别关注1：只能用that不能用which的情况：1）当先行词是不定代词all,much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none, the one 时；2）当先行词被the only, the very(恰恰正好), any, few, little, no, all等词修饰时；This is the bery person that Im waiting for.The only thing that we can do is to give you some money.3）当先行词是形容词最高级或先行词的前面有形容词最高级修饰时；This is the best that has been used against pollution. 这是被用于防止污染的最好的方法。4) 当先行词是序数词或它全面有序数词修饰时；This train is the last that will go to Suzhou.5）当先行词既有人又有物时；6）当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时即当主句以who或which开头时;Which is the bile that you lost?巩固练习：1). Is there anything _ you dont understand about the problem?2). The worst matter_Im afraid of happened in the end.3). All the presents_your friends gave you on your birthday should be put away.4). This is the very book _I have been looking for.特别关注2：只能用which /who/whom做关系代词的情况1.)在非限制性定语从句中，只能用which指代物，用who/whom指人. He lives in a hotel, _ is only five minutes walk from here. 2.)在由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，只能用which指物，whom指人。 He hasnt got enough money with _ he can buy the computer. 3.)先行词为those, one, he时多用who。Those_break laws will be punished.巩固练习: Choose: that , which or who?:1).He did all / everything _he could to help me.2).This is the very thing _I am after.3)We talked about the men and the things _ we remembered at school.4)He is the only man _ can do the work.5)This is the first thing _ I want to say.6)He is the finest man _ I have ever worked with.7)Who is the man _ spoke to you at the gate?8)Which is the star _ is nearest to the earth?Choose: that , which ,whose, whom or who?1)Is there anything else _ you want to say?2)Any person _ _has the money can join the group.3)He often speaks the role he played in the play, _