例析历年高考试题 归结as难点用法河南 谢奎金来源：2009 年上半年试题与研究单词as词形简单，但用法复杂，可作副词、替代词、关系代词、从属连词和介词。还可与其他词汇结合构成诸多搭配，故as一直是高考热点，也是广大考生复习备考的难点。现结合考题，剖析难点，以飨读者。一、用作介词，as与like用法区别例1 Lets learn to use the problem we are facing _ a stepping-stone to future success.( NMET 2008全国卷)A. to B. for C. as D. by解析 C。as作介词表“作为”，常接在treat/regard/recognize/use等动词之后；而like表“像一样”。试比较：(1)He is a child, and must be treated as such.他年幼，应该当孩子对待。(2)He acted like a child, while he had grown up.他虽已成人，但做事却像孩子一样。二、用作从属连词1表时间，as/when/while用法区别例2 Mother was worried because little Alice was ill, especially _ Father was away in France. (NMET 1994全国卷) A. as B. that C. during D. if解析 A。主从句动作先后发生常用when；两个较长动作同时发生用while；特别强调主从句动作同时发生用as，译作“一边一边”， as还可表“随着”。另when, while还可用作并列连词。when表at that time，而while表“两相对照”。2表原因，as/because/since/for用法区别例3 Jenny was very sad over the loss of the photos she had shot at Canada, _ this was a memory she especially treasured. (NMET 2006广东卷)A. as B. if C. when D. where解析A。as 作从属连词引导原因状语从句。as和because, since, for的区别是：because语势最强，用来说明人所未知的原因，回答why提出的问题，可置于强调句中且其前可加修饰语； since是双方都知晓原因或经过分析而得之的原因，语气次之；for是并列连词，前用逗号隔开，表逻辑推理或补充说明；as语气最弱，原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知，即已知原因，所引导的分句可置于句首。3表转折，引导让步状语从句例4 _, he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class. (NMET 2005重庆卷）A. A quiet student as he may be B. Quiet student as he may beC. Be a quiet student as he may D. Quiet as he may be a student解析 B。as 引导让步状语从句时，形容词、副词、动词等常置前；若表语为名词，前置时使用零冠词；从句谓语动词常和助动词或情态动词may, might, will, would等连用。4表正如，引导方式状语从句例5 Who should be responsible for the accident?The boss, not the workers. They just carried out the order _. (NMET 2008福建卷)A. as told B. as are told C. as telling D. as they told解析A。as引导方式状语从句，表按照、正如；非限定分句“从属连词+-ed/-ing形式” 可以看作是一种省略，即省略了主语和be动词。究竟使用何种非谓语动词形式取决于主被动关系。又如：(1) As I explained on the phone, your request will be considered at the next meeting.（NMET 2005浙江卷）(2)Doctors have said that as many as 40 percent of patients dont take medicine as directed.三、用作关系代词，指代整个句子，as/which/it用法区别例6 The Beatles, _ many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool. (NMET 2006天津卷)A. what B. that C. how D. as解析 D。as作关系代词，在非限制性定语从句中，可指代整个句子内容，置于句首，而which不可；it为代词，用作句子成分，但不用来连接句子，故常和并列连词连用；在限制性定语从句中常与such, the same连用，试比较：(1)I havent many toys but I will send you such as I have.我的玩具并不多。不过，我会把我仅有的一点玩具送给你。(2)The book is not such that I can advise you to read it.这本书并不怎么样，我没法向你推介。四、用作从句性替代词，等同于so例7 My room gets very cold at night._. (NMET 2007江苏卷)A. So is mine B. So mine is C. So does mine D. So mine does解析C。从题干中动词gets得知，助动词应选择do的适当形式，故排除选项A和B；从语序上考虑，排除选项D。as用作从句性替代词，等同于so，只是用于正式语体中。如：Our eating habits have changed, as has our way of life.五、asas结构1构成倍数比较句型：n times+asas例8 What a table! I ve never seen such a thing before. It is _ it is long.（NMET 2005湖北卷）A. half not as wide as B. wide not as half as C. not half as wide as D. as wide as not half解析答案C。not与谓语动词连用构成否定。as 作从属连词引导比较状语从句，常见结构为as.as，第一个as为副词，后接形容词或副词，第二个as为连词。程度修饰语应放在第一个as之前。2. as/so long as例9 Have you got any idea for the summer vacation?I dont mind where we go _ theres sun, sea and beach.( NMET 2008全国卷)A. as if B. as long as C. now that D. in order that解析 B。as long as最基本词义表示主从句动作延续时间一样长，可引导时间状语从句；若引导条件状语从句，表“只要”，同only if，为唯一条件。又如：As long as I know the money is safe, I shall not worry about it.（NMET 2003北京卷）3.as far as例10 _ I can see, there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger.（NMET 2004北京春季卷）A. As long as B. As far as C. Just as D. Even if解析 B。as far as I knowcan seeam concerned表据我所知（我看、我所关心的）；as far as还表“远至”。4.as much as例11 The more I think about him, the more reasons I find for loving him _ I did.（NMET 2005湖南卷）A. as much as B. as long as C. as soon as D. as far as解析A。as much as表程度或数量；as long as表长度或条件；as soon as尽快；as far as远至，根据。若用于否定句中，第一个as换为so。例：Young people in the US dont care so much about fashion as those in China.5.as well as例12 John plays football _, David. (NMET 1994全国卷)A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as解析B。if not better than为插入语，对考生答题具有一定干扰。as well as在功能上相当于并列连词，用来连接两个平行成分，但不能用作并列连词。注意在连接两个并列谓语动词时，其后的动词使用动词-ing形式；除此之外，所连接的成分前后应保持平行、对等。试比较： Computers have been put into robots and _to make mobile phones as well as _with medical operations. (原创模拟)A. used ; to help B. used; help C. using; helping D. using; helped Computers have been put into robots as well as _to make mobile phones and _with medical operations. (原创模拟)A. used; to help B. having been used; help