最新高中英语十六种时态精讲及练习题附答案时态一般时进行时完成时完成进行时现在(1)study(5)be studying(9)have studied(13)have been studying过去(2)studied(6)be studying(10)had studied(14)had been studying将来(3)will study(7)will be studying(11)will have studied(15)will have been studying过去将来(4)would study(8)would be studying(12)would have studied(16)would have been studying1 一般现在时的用法1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频率的时间状语连用。时间状语： every, sometimes,at, on Sunday I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。 The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China.3) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。 Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.2 一般过去时的用法 1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。时间状语有：yesterday, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982 yesterday morning (afternoon, evening)last night (week, month, year),a moment ago , a week ago, three years agojust now,等。 Where did you go just now?2) 表示过去习惯性动作。特别是由would/ used to do表达的句型，本身表示的就是过去时。例：The old man would sit on a bench in the quiet park and look at others for hours without doing anything or talking to anybody.（老人过去常常坐在宁静的公园里的一条长椅上，看着其他的人，一坐就是数个小时，什么也不干，也不和任何人交谈。）He used to visit his mother once a week.（他以前总是每周看望一次他的母亲。）3) 有时可代替一般现在时，表达一种婉转、客气、礼貌、商量的语气。情态动词 could, would.例：I wanted to ask you if I could borrow your car?（我想向您借车用一用，可以吗？）Would you mind my sitting here?（您介意我坐在这里吗？）现在完成时与一般过去时的区别 现在完成时表示的是与现在有关联的过去事件；而一般过去时则与现在毫无关系，只是单纯的过去的情况。比较：I have lost my pen, so I have to buy one. 我丢了钢笔，所以得去买一枝。I lost my pen, but found it later. 我丢了钢笔，但后来找到了。当句子中有表示明确过去的状语时，只能用一般过去时，不能用现在完成时。如：他一周以前动身去了纽约。误：He has left for New York a week ago. 正：He left for New York a week ago. 另外，当句首为疑问词when时，其后可用一般过去时，不能用现在完成时。如：你什么时候和他首次见面的?误：When have you first met him? 正 ：When did you first meet him?3一般将来时 一、意义：表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示将来经常或重复发生的动作。时间标志：tomorrow , soon ,next Monday , next year , next weekend , this afternoon , this evening 二. 构成及变化：一般将来时常用的两种结构be going to+动词原形 : 表示打算、准备做的事或即将发生或肯定要发生的事。shall/will+动词原形 : 表示将要发生的动作或情况，没有太多的计划性, 还用来表示意愿Hes going to New York next week.下周他要去纽约.It will rain tonight.一般现在时表将来 1）下列动词：come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般现在时表将来。这主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes.2）倒装句，表示动作正在进行，如： Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing.3）在时间或条件句中。 When Bill comes (不是will come), ask him to wait for me. Ill write to you as soon as I arrive there.4）在动词hope, take care that, make sure that等后。 I hope they have a nice time next week. Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room.4.过去将来时(would do)概念：立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。 时间状语：the next day(morning, year),the following month(week),etc. （一）“would+动词原形”。常表示按计划或安排即将发生的事。例如He said he would come to see me.他说他要来看我。He told me he would go to Beijing.他告诉我他将去北京。（二）“was/ were+going to+动词原形”。常可用来表示按计划或安排即将发生的事。例如：She said she was going to start off at once.她说她将立即出发。I was told that he was going to return home.有人告诉我他准备回家。此结构还可表示根据当时情况判断有可能但不一定会发生某事。例如：It seemed as if it was going to rain.看来好像要下雨。（三）come， go， leave， arrive， start等动词可用过去进行时代替过去将来时。例如：He said the train was leaving at six the next morning.他说火车将于第二天早晨六点离开。She told me she was coming to see me.她告诉我她要来看我。1- The plane is leaving right now, but Jim hasnt arrived yet. - Well, he said he _here on time. A came B would come C can be D will be2 As soon as the baby saw her mother, she _. A was going to cry B cried C began to cry D was crying3 Li Ming said he _happy if Brian_to China next month. A as; come B was; would come C would be; came D will be; come4Jenny said she _her holiday in China. A spent B would spent C was going to spent D would spend5现在进行时( be doing)1）表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情。 We are waiting for you.2）习惯进行：表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。 Mr. Green is writing another novel.(说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。)3）表示计划或安排好了的将来动作，常与一个表示将来的时间状语连用Mike is coming home on Thursday. 迈克星期四回来一般现在时与现在进行时的区别（一）一般现在时表示动作的习惯性和经常性，可带频率时间，无时限性。现在进行时表示动作的暂时性； The shop closes at 7:30 p.m. Father doesnt smoke. (习惯) I watch TV every day. (经常性) I am watching TV now. (暂时性)He studies hard. 他(经常)努力学习。 He is studying hard. 他(此刻或现阶段)正在努力学习。 (二)持续动词的一般时表持续情况，表示长久性动作，经常性，习惯性行为或客观存在的事实、事物的本质特性，没有时限性。进行时表暂时性或有限时刻的持续，表示短暂性动作，The table _ soft。(feels) 表特性特征。 Japan _ in the east of China。(lives) 表客观事实He lives in Beijing.(生活在北京 ) He is living in Beijing.(目前住在北京暂时性)Lucy lives in Beijing. (长久性居住) Lucy is living in Beijing.(短时间居住) 短暂动词的一般时叙述事实，特征，能力，而进行时描述反复发生，即将发生或刚开始行为。 He jumps high. (特征) He is jumping very high. (反复) 考题 I dont