Module 3 Grammar 非谓语动词(non-finite verbs),非谓语动词 She is working hard. She was killed in the accident. She is to fail if she continues.,一、做宾语的非谓语动词： 1、常见的带动名词作宾语的词：,allow, avoid, appreciate, admit, consider, complete, delay, deny, enjoy, excuse, escape, finish, forbid, forgive, imagine, miss, mind, mention, permit, practise, risk , suggest, understand,look forward to be/get used to pay attention to lead to be addicted to,on the way to (doing ) sth an approach to (doing) sth the key to (doing) sth a solution to (doing) sth,快要做 做-的方法 解决-的关键 -的解决办法,只能跟不定式： pretend, refuse, manage, promise, afford, arrange, demand, decide, determine, would like/love/prefer ,注意hope, suggest, demand 后不能跟sb to do,They hope David to make a speech about his experiences in China.,Bill suggested _ a meeting on what to do for the activity during the vacation. having held B. to hold C. holding D. hold 2) I had great difficulty _ the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant. find B. found C. to find D. finding,2、既可以带动名词又可接不定式，且意思不同的动词,forget, remember, regret; mean, try, go on, stop, cant help,1)Sorry! I forgot _ (bring) my exercise book.,I forgot _(see) the film but your introduction reminded me of it.,2)I regret _(tell) you that you are going to have a quiz tomorrow. -You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting. -well, now I regret _(do) that.,to bring,seeing,to tell,doing,3)He didnt mean _(hurt) you. Does it mean _(walk) back all the way.,4)They cant help _ (work) it out because they will be on a trip right now.,We couldnt help _ (laugh) when the clown appeared on the stage.,to hurt,walking,to work,laughing,hear；have; make；notice; watch, see,二. 做宾补的非谓语动词：,1、感官性动词后(hear/ notice/ see) I saw him _ (talk) with the old man just now. 被动：He was seen _ with the old man just now. I saw him _ (talk) with the old man when I passed by the room just now. 被动：He was seen _ with the old man when I passed by the room just now. I saw him_(knock) over by the old man. 被动：He was seen _ over by the old man.,2、have/ get 后接三种形式的区别 have/ get sth. done 让做；遭受损失 I will have/ get my bike _.(repair) have doing 让一直做/放纵做 2) I am sorry to have you _.(wait) have sb do = get sb to do 3) Mother had me _(go) to the shop and buy some salt.,【经典例析】 Alexander tried to get his work _ in the medical circles. A. to recognize B. recognizing C. recognize D. recognized,【经典练习】 If you have illegal immigrants _ in, many local workers will lose their jobs. A. came B. coming C. to come D. having come,三、做定语的非谓语动词 引入： The boy who lives here is about ten years old. = The boy _ here is about ten years old. The girl who is swimming in the river is my sister. = The girl _ in the river is my sister. 总结：-ing作定语表达_,The work which was finished just now is about making a presentation. =The work _ just now is about making a presentation. The leaves which fell are on the ground. = The _ leaves are on the ground. 总结：-ed作定语表达_,The student who will come here is Jim. =The student _ here is Jim. The road which will be completed will improve the road condition here. =The road _ will improve the road condition here. 总结to do 作定语表达_ 被动选择_,E-commerce giant sees record-high transactions on Singles Day If you are in China, are you feeling the need to spend the . to click. Maybe because its the equivalent of Chinas Cyber Money or Boxing Day. Singles Day, the 11th of November, is now the worlds biggest online shopping holiday. The countrys largest e-retailer Alibaba announced it had sold about US$9 billion of merchandise by noon today, exceeding the total amount recorded at the same time last year. More than 70 percent of the transactions were done through mobile terminals. Initiated by Alibaba, November 11 has become the countrys biggest annual online shopping spree, where retailers, online shopping malls, and courier services across China gear up for a sales boom.,练习 V+ed, V+ing, to do作定语表示不同的时间关系。 The bridge _ across the river last year brought us a lot of convenience. The bridge _across the river now will have been completed by the end of this year. We are all looking forward to the bridge _ across the river next year. Now we were on our feet with another 500 miles to go.,built,being built,to be built,【注意】 v.-ed/v.-ing作定语的区别 Mark Twain was the writer _ the Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. (create) The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is one of the most famous stories _ by Mark Twain. Seeing the _ face of the ghost, the boy, letting out a _ scream, ran away at once.(frighten) The dish _(smell) good doesnt taste so good.,smelling,creating,created,frightening,frightened,四、