Unit 1 How do you study for a test?,By working with friends,By asking the teacher for help,By reading the textbook,By reading the notebook,book 书 flashcard 抽认卡 end up 告终 quickly 快地 ,By making vocabulary lists,By listening to the tapes / cassettes,第1讲：by +doing sth的讲解,by doing sth: 当你询问怎样做某事或告诉别人怎样做某事时,常用此形式,表示“通过方式、方法”或“借助某种手段”。 eg. How does he make a living? He lives by writing. 他怎样谋生呢？他以写作为生。 By working hard I made great progress this term. 通过刻苦努力，我在本学期取得了巨大的进步。,Exerxise,B:I learn English,A:How do you learn English?,by using it.,I learn English ,by having English class carefully by taking notes carefully . by watching English programs on TV. by getting an English tutor.,第2讲：by的用法总结,1、介词 prep. 在旁；靠近 eg.Our teacher was sitting by the window. 我们的老师正坐在窗户旁边。 We spent our holiday by the sea. 我们在海边度假。,“by”的用法,2、 介词 prep. 经过 eg.He walked by me without speaking. 他走过我的身旁，没有说话。 翻译 我弟弟每天从这楼旁走过。 My brother goes by the building every day. 3、介词 prep. 用；靠；通过 靠起得早，我每天早晨有一小时时间阅读英语。 By getting up early, I can have an hour for reading English in the morning.,4、介词 prep. 不迟于 not later than eg.I shall be back by 5 oclock. 最迟五点我一定回来。 How many English parties had you had by the end of last term? 到上学期末，你们举行了几次英语晚会？ 5.介词 prep.“被，由” He is reading a novel by Lu Xun. 他在读鲁迅写的一本小说。,6、介词 prep. （指交通等）乘； eg. The man came by bus. 那人是坐公共汽车来的。 翻译 他们坐飞机去上海 They went to Shanghai by air. 7、介词prep.在部位 eg.She led the child by the hand. 她拉着孩子的手往前走。 翻译：那位老人牵着那个小女孩的手。 The old man took the little girl by the hand.,8、副词 adv. 从旁边经过 past eg.He hurried by without a word. 他匆匆地走过去没有说一句话。 Time has gone by. 时间已过去了。 9、副词adv. 在旁边near He gave me a story book when nobody was by 当附近无人的时候他把小说给了我。,1、I want to sit _ my friend Susan 考查知识点：介词 2、There are some trees _ the river 考查知识点：表示方位的介词 3.Lily went there_ bike 考查知识点：表示工具、手段、方式的介词 4.I keep my health _ running frequently 考查知识点：表示工具、手段、方式的介词 5.The thief is caught_ the police. 考查知识点:表示被，由,第3讲：how的用法 第3讲：how的用法,第3讲：how的用法,How can we use how?,第3讲：how的用法,1. 表示感叹. How cold it is today 今天好冷啊！ 2.表示问候。如： How do you do你好！ How are you你（身体）好吗？ 3.表示某种方式、手段或方法。如： 你怎样拼写它？ How do you spell it 他昨天是怎样去上学的？ How did he go to school yesterday？,4. 表示爱好、程度、看法等。 如： 你觉得这首乐曲如何？ How do you like the music？ 你的汉语如何？ How is your Chinese？ 你认为中国怎么样？ How do you like China？ 5. 问天气。 如：北京的天气怎么样？ How is the weather in Beijing？ 6. 问路。 请问去火车站的路怎么走？ Excuse me， how can I get to the train station？ 7. 问年龄。如： How old are you？你多大了？,8. 问数量。 如：一个队有几名队员？ How many players are there in a team？ 桌子上有多少面包？ How much bread is there on the table？ 9. 问价钱。如： 这件外套多少钱？ How much is this coat？ 10. 问高度。如：这座山有多高？ How high is the mountain？ (宽度，长度，深度，重量等等事物属性） 这女孩儿有多高？ How tall is the girl？ 11. 问距离。如： 他家离学校有多远？ How far away is his home from the school？ 12. 征询对方的看法、意见或向对方 提出建议、请求等。如： How about Friday？星期五怎么样？,13. 问时间。如： 去年你缺课多长时间？ How long were you away from school last year？ 他们将何时回来? How soon will they come back？ 公共汽车多长时间开一班？ How often do the buses run？ how long用来提问“多长时间”，对“一 段时间的长短”提问时用，与延续性动词连用； how often用来提问某动作或状态发生 的频率，对“一段时间内发生了几次活动”（always，usually， often， never或twice a day等表示频度的词或短语）提问时用； how soon用来提问某人要“多快”能做 好某事，或某事要“多快”能完成，对“过多少时间（就能）”（in短语）提问时 用，常用于将来时。,第3讲：how的用法 第3讲：how的用法,第5讲:how练习讲解,1. Our P.E teacher has been at this school since he came.（划线提问） _ _ _ our P.E teacher been at this school? 2. She writes to her parents once a week.（划线提问） _ _ _ she write to her parents? 3. Li Ping spent twenty yuan on the dictionary.（划线提问） _ _ _ Li Ping _ on the dictionary? 4. Itll take them three weeks to finish the work.（划线提问） _ _ _ it take them to finish the work?,5. Its about two kilometers from here to the country.（划线提问） _ _ _ _ from here to the country? 6. Jane and her brother will finish the work in two hours. （划线提问） _ _ _ Jane and her brother finish the work? 7. _ did he call you the day before yesterday? Twice. A. What time B. How many times C. How much D. How long 8. Ive worked in that factory for two years. （划线提问） _ _ _ you worked in that factory?,9. I paid fifty yuan for the sweater. _ _ _ did you pay for the sweater? 10. It is windy . _ 11. I am getting on well with it. _. 12. _ is a ticker for the film Hacker He? About forty yuan . A. How old B. How many C. How much D. How often 13. _ tea did you have? Two cups. A. How many B. How much C. How soon D. Which 14. _ a year does your school have sports meetings? Twice a year. A. How often B. How soon C. How long D. How many times,14. _ a year does your school have sports meetings? Twice a year. A. How often B. How soon C. How long D. How many times 15. _ will your father be back? . A How