第二讲代词、介词(一)代词人称代词、物主代词及反身代词全析考法 .单句语法填空1(2018全国卷)If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give_ a try.解析：it/running根据句意可知，此处表示“我们都应该尝试着跑跑步”，故填代词it，指代上文的running，此处也可直接填名词running。2(2018全国卷)When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find_ (they) alive.解析：them人称代词作宾语时，要用其宾格。空格前面是动词find，空格处应用宾格，故填them，指代上文的gorillas。3(20186月浙江高考)Many westerners who come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap _ can be to eat out.解析：it此处应用it作形式主语，动词不定式短语to eat out为真正的主语。4(20176月浙江高考)“She thought I had hurt _ (I)，”says Pahlsson.解析：myself句意：Pahlsson说：“她以为我伤到了自己”。根据前面的主语I可知，此处要用反身代词作宾语。5(2016全国卷)On my recent visit, I held a lively threemonthold twin that had been rejected by _ (it) mother.解析：its句意：在最近的一次参观中，我抱着一对可爱的、三个月大的双胞胎大熊猫中的一只，这只大熊猫被它的妈妈遗弃了。此处应该使用形容词性物主代词its作定语，修饰名词mother。6(2015广东高考)Mr.Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children.He owned a farm .Now it occurred to _ that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck.解析：him“it occurred to sb.that从句”表示“某人突然想到”，此处指Mr.Johnson突然想到发生在他身上的事情，所以填him。7(2014全国卷)Then the driver stood up and asked, “Did anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop？” A woman on the bus shouted，“Oh dear! Its _ (I)”解析：me/mine根据上文语境可知，此处的It如果指前面的suitcase的话，那么此空需要使用名词性物主代词mine，表示“那个箱子是我的”；如果指前面的anyone的话，那么此空需要用I的宾格形式me，表示“是我在上一站丢失了手提箱”。8(2014辽宁高考)Raise your leg and let _ stay in the air for seconds.解析：it句意：抬起你的腿让它在空中停几秒钟。此处填it指代前面出现的“your leg”。9(2014广东高考)Last year, my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation.Some of my friends who had been there before said _ was a wonderful holiday destination.解析：it从空格后的“a wonderful holiday destination”可知，这个地方就是Miami，故填it指代前面提到的地点。.单句改错1(2018全国卷)I had done myself homework, but I was shy._解析：myselfmy此处表示我已经完成了我的家庭作业。my是形容词性物主代词，作 homework的定语，myself不作定语。2(2017全国卷)About one month after this photo was taken, I entered my second year of high school .This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of your high school days._解析：yourmy此处意为“这张照片常常让我想起我高中时的许多快乐的记忆”，故应该使用代词my。3(2016全国卷)If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden your view and gain knowledge we cannot get from books._解析：yourour根据前面的主语we可知，此处要用our，表示“我们能够开阔我们的视野”。4(2016全国卷)At first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself._解析：yourselfmyself根据前面的I可知，此处指“我自己做决定”，故应用myself。5(2016四川高考)When he came back, I found a bunch of flowers in her hand._解析：herhis由前面的“When he came back”可知，这束花是在“他的(his)”手里。6(2015全国卷)We must find ways to protect your environment.If we fail to do so, well live to regret it._解析：yourour/the依据前后句的语境及逻辑关系可知，前面的主语是we，句中的your与上下文相悖，应当改为our/the才能使句意通顺。7(2015全国卷)Five minutes later, Tony saw parents._解析：saw后加his根据语境及英语表达习惯，应当在parents前加上与主语Tony相一致的物主代词his。8(2015四川高考)As I told you last time, I made three new friends here .but Im afraid Ill lose their friendship.What do you think I should do? If you were me, would you talk to him？_解析：himthem根据上文可知，此处指作者交的三个新朋友，故用them。9(2015浙江高考)Close to the school there was a beautiful park with many trees around them._解析：themita beautiful park为单数，故应用it指代前面的单数可数名词park。谨记规则(一)人称代词、物主代词与反身代词1基本用法类别主格宾格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词反身代词功能作主语作宾语、同位语等作定语作主语、表语或宾语作宾语、表语或同位语第一人称I(我)memyminemyselfwe(我们)usouroursourselves第二人称you(你)youyouryoursyourselfyou(你们)youyouryoursyourselves第三人称he(他)himhishishimselfshe(她)herherhersherselfit(它)ititsitsitselfthey(他们)themtheirtheirsthemselves2反身代词的习惯用法与介词搭配by oneself独自地 for oneself亲自of oneself自动地 in oneself 本质上；本身与动词搭配come to oneself 苏醒；恢复知觉dress oneself 打扮；自己穿衣devote oneself to 致力于；献身于behave oneself 举止规矩有礼；检点apply oneself to 专心致志于help oneself to 随便吃/用enjoy oneself 玩得开心seat oneself 就座；入席make yourself at home 别客气adapt/adjust oneself to 适应于teach oneself 自学speak to oneself 自言自语think for oneself 独立思考 (二)it的用法1it的基本用法用法例句指天气、季节、时间、距离、环境等It is early spring, but it is already hot.现在是初春，但是天气已经很热了。代替前面提过的事物、群体、想法、内容等或代替指示代词Although he didnt like it, I decided to see the movie anyway.尽管他不喜欢看这部电影，但我还是决定去看一看。指不知性别的孩子和婴儿或不明确的人(由于某种原因而不知对方是谁)What will you call it if it is a boy?要是男孩的话，你会给他取个什么名字？2.it作形式主语或形式宾语常用句型it作形式主语It is a pity/shame that .真可惜It is no wonder that . 难怪It seems/appears that . 似乎/看来It looks/seems as if/as though . 看起来好像It happens that . 碰巧It occurs to/comes to/strikes/hi