Chapter 1 Introduction1. Definition of stamping -a plastic forming methodRaw material-sheet metal or non-metalTool -dieEquipment-pressResult-separate or deform, workpiece with shape, dimension and property.冲压是塑性成形加工方法之一。以板料（金属、非金属）为原料，利用模具在压力机上对板料施加压力使其分离或变形获得所需零件。所需零件具有一定形状、尺寸和性能。2. Basic requirement used in sheet forming Formability, surface quality, tolerance in thickness, and economy3. Basic processes (1) cutting processes（分离工序）: shearing, blanking, punching, parting, lancing, shaving(2) plastic deformation processes（成形工序）: bending, deep drawing, spinning, bulging, flanging Chapter 2 Shearing, Blanking and Punching1. ShearingEquipment: straight parallel cutters tB straight inclined cutters tB 2. Blanking and punching mechanism(1) 3 deformation stages(2) Features of sheared edges of the sheet metal4 parts- rollover, burnish zone, fracture, burr (reason); main affecting factors (3 aspects)3. Blanking and punching clearanceThe effect of the amount of clearance between the punch and die on the operation process(3) features of sheared edges(4) dimensional precision(5) force and power (6) die life4. The calculating of punch and die blade size(1) Principles of calculation: benchmarks, limit dimension(2) Methods of calculation: separately, coordinately(3) Steps5. Punch force(1) k =1.11.3 (why? 3 reasons: c, t and property, cutting edges)tLkF(2) Affecting factors (4, material, c, t, shape)(3) Method to reduce the punch force (3, heat, staggered punches, bevel-cut edges)a) Stripping force, Knock-out force, Ejecting force6. Material economya) Layout: definitions: layout, technical scrap, structural scrapclassification: type of scrap (3),b) Scraps: definition functions (3, compensation, rigid sheet, protect dies)affecting factors (4, material, shape and dimension, t, guide and stop way)7. Shavinga) Definitionb) Purpose Chapter 3 Bending1. Deformation feature(1) Deformation zone(2) Stress and strain in deformation zone: wide plate and narrow plate2. Neutral curvature of strain(1) Definition (2) Usages: blank length of bendsthe minimum bending radius(3) Feature: inward3. The minimum bending radius(1) Definition(2) Affecting factors: 4, material, bending axis, edge state of plate, bending angle4. Spring back (1) Definition: r ,K,(2) Affecting factor: 6-material, r/t, , shape, bending method, (3) Method to reduce spring back: 4workpiece, bending way, compensation, stretch bendingChapter 4 Drawing1. Deformation process(1) Deformation zone(2) Type(3) Stress and strain state in five parts (name)2. Problems arising in drawing(1) WrinkleGenerate: reason, position, timeAffecting factors: t/D and m for certain material, materialPreventing measures: blank holder, taper die, reverse drawing(2) Fracture (tearing)Generate: reason, position and timeAffecting factors: m, d and t, and , , lubricationprdbs/Preventing measures:3. Drawing of cylindrical part(1) Blank(2) Drawing coefficient(3) Limit drawing coefficient: definition affecting factors (material, die, drawing condition)(4) Number of drawing4. Drawing of other symmetrical parts(1) Cylindrical parts with flange: drawing features: mfm; dF/d, H/d, r/d; H/d; subsequent similar drawing principal: dF constant; surplus blank(2) Taper parts: deformation region (3 parts)(3) Spherical parts: deformation region (4 parts, different stress state)5. Drawing of asymmetrical shells(1) Features of drawing: deformation region (flange), stress state (2) Limited deformation degree of first drawingH/r affecting factors: r/B, A/B, t/B and material6. Other drawing methods(1) Ironingthicknessc t, blankconstant volume(2) Flexible die forming Die material: rubber, high pressure liquid, reduce m(3) Locally-heated or locally-cooled drawingheat D-d cool d, no changem bChapter 5 Bulging and Flanging1. Bulging(1) Definition(2) Deformation feature (deformation zone, state of stress and strain, unstable form)(3) Blank: principle2. Flanging(1) Definition(2) Classification: hole, out edge (tension, compression)(3) Deformation feature(4) Blank: principleChapter 6 Formability and Forming Limit of Sheet Stamping1. Fracture mode: , bend tear2. Relationships between the mechanical properties and formability index stamping process main factor subsidiary factorsbulging n,/,bsRflanging Rsdrawing sbs,/,Fracture resistancebending sfittability sbsnR/,shape fixability Es, s3. FLDDefinition of FL and FLDChapter 7 The Structure and Design of Stamping Die1. Die classificationSingle-operation (simple) Multi-operation (combination) diesSingle station (combination, compound, simple)Progressive dies2. Basic die components(1) The technological components: Punches, die block, guide rails, form block, stripper, drawing die, blank holder(2) The structural components:Punch holder, die shoe, shank, guideposts, guidepost bushings, springs, screws, dowels(3) Stripper: functionmovable elastic-thin sheet or thin punches, small forcesoli