课时达标(九) Unit 4 Wildlife protection 阅读理解A课标话题人与自然人与动植物体裁说明文词 数 321难度 (2019厦门双十中学月考)Kazakhstan announced plans to bring wild tigers back to their historical range in the IliBalkhash region, and signed an agreement with World Wide Fund for Nature(WWF) to conduct a tiger reintroduction program. “It will not only bring wild tigers back to their ancestral home, but also protect the unique ecosystem of the IliBalkhash region，” said Askar Myrzakhmetov, the Minister of Agriculture of the Republic of Kazakhstan.If successful, Kazakhstan will be the first country in the world to bring wild tigers back to an entire region where they have died out for nearly half a century. Tiger reintroduction projects have only been achieved within national borders and in areas that are considered current tiger habitats(栖息地). Kazakhstans tiger reintroduction program is unique and it desperately requires the restoration of a vast forest that is part of the wild tigers historical range.Since the beginning of the 20th century, wild tigers have lost over 90 percent of their historical range. Wild tigers have completely disappeared from the region since the late 1940s, due to the loss of habitat. To prepare for the return of wild tigers, on 1st January 2018 Kazakhstan will set up a new nature reserve in the southwestern IliBalkhash, in order to restore the unique forest habitat. This will include the protection of existing wildlife, and reintroducing important prey(猎物), such as the endangered wild Bactrian deer.Restoring tigers will also help protect Lake Balkhash and prevent it from repeating the fate of the Aral Sea, formerly the worlds fourth largest lake and now 10 percent of its original size. “The hard work remains ahead of us. We have to spare no effort to make this region ready for tigers and involve all stakeholders(利益相关者) to make this happen. That means dealing with illegal activities, having these people who govern parks be welltrained and equipped, increasing prey populations and involving local communities，”said Ekaterina Vorobyeva, Director of the WWF program.语篇导读哈萨克斯坦通过与世界自然基金会签订协议以及设立新的自然保护区等举措开启野生老虎重新引入项目。1What is Askar Myrzakhmetovs attitude toward the tiger reintroduction program?ADoubtfulBFavorable.CConcernedDDisapproving.解析B观点态度题。根据第一段中Askar Myrzakhmetov的话可知，他认为该项目不仅能让野生老虎重返家园，也可以保护伊犁巴尔喀什地区的生态系统。由此可推知，他对这个项目持支持的态度，故选B项。2What made the wild tigers disappear in the IliBalkhash region?AThe increasing loss of prey.BThe evolution of the species.CThe lack of natural living places.DThe serious environmental pollution.解析C细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，在伊犁巴尔喀什地区，野生老虎消失是它们的栖息地丧失造成的结果，故选C项。3Which measure may be taken for the reintroduction of tigers?ARegulating human activities.BLimiting the number of prey.CBuilding a reserve for tigers only.DTraining tigers to be more adaptable.解析A细节理解题。根据文章最后一句可知，为了使野生老虎重回哈萨克斯坦，人们采取的其中一项措施就是打击非法活动，即要管控人类行为，故选A项。4What is the best title of the passage?AEfforts to Restore Forests in KazakhstanBBringing Tigers back Home to KazakhstanCAttempts to Handle Illegal Activities EffectivelyDPreventing Tigers Disappearing in Kazakhstan解析B标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文介绍的是使野生老虎重回哈萨克斯坦的一个项目，故选B项。B课标话题人与自然自然科学研究成果体裁说明文词 数 317难度 Scientists have solved the mystery of why the overwhelming majority of mammoth fossils(化石) are male.Much like wild elephants today, young male Ice Age mammoths probably travelled around alone and more often got themselves into risky situations where they were swept into rivers, or fell through ice or into mud, lakes or sinkholes that preserved their bones for thousands of years, scientists say.Females, on the other hand, travelled in groups led by an older matriarch who knew the landscape and directed her group away from danger.“Without the benefit of living in a herd led by an experienced female, male mammoths had a much higher risk of dying in natural traps such as mud holes, rock cracks and lakes，” said coauthor Love Daln of the Swedish Museum of Natural History in a report published on Thursday in the journal Current Biology.The study used genetic data to determine the sex of 98 woolly mammoth fossils in Siberia. Researchers found that 69% of the samples were male, a heavily unbalanced sex ratio, assuming that the sexes were fairly even at birth.“We were very surprised because there was no reason to expect a sex bias in the fossil record，” said first author Patricia Pecnerova, also of the Swedish Museum of Natural History. Therefore, researchers believe that something about the way they lived influenced the way they died.“Most bones, tusks, and teeth from mammoths and other Ice Age animals havent survived，” explained Daln.“It is highly likely that the remains that are found in Siberia these days have been preserved because they have been buried, and thus protected from weathering.”These giant, tusked plant eaters disappeared about 4,000 years ago.