课时跟踪练(十) Introduction & Reading Pre-reading.阅读理解AMany Americans believe that our present national holiday called Thanksgiving originated with a feast celebrated by Pilgrims who arrived on the shores of America in 1620. Some people survived due to the help from a local Indian tribe. During the next spring the Indians taught them how to grow and cultivate the crops. In the fall of 1621 they simply celebrated a traditional English Autumn Harvest Festival. This is the credit of the first Thanksgiving.As time went on, Thanksgiving was celebrated through various governmental announcements. Cities, counties and state governments continued their regional observance until 1863. The Battle of Gettysburg fought on July 4th, 1863 became a Union victory that represented the turning point of the American Civil War. In honor of this event, two national Thanksgivings were declared by President Lincoln. The first holiday honored the victory at Gettysburg on August 6th. The second event was celebrated on the last Thursday in November and became the permanent holiday with which we are familiar. Lincolns declaration was motivated by the efforts of Sarah Josepha Hale, an editor of a popular womens magazine who started a national drive for Thanksgiving as early as 1827.During the end of the 19th century, Thanksgiving with its New England influence was commonly represented by turkeys, a large feast and large family reunions. The Pilgrims were not in evidence during these early celebrations nor was there a cozy relationship with the Indians.The dawn of the 20th century saw Thanksgiving develop into its present form. Now that the Indians were no longer a threat, pictures of Americans and Indians in their familiar congruent (相配的，符合的) setting emerged and became popular. The 300th anniversary of the Pilgrims landing in America in 1920 strengthened the modern symbolism and meaning that we attribute to our present day celebrations.语篇解读：本文讲述了人们是怎样庆祝第一个感恩节的，让读者了解了感恩节的由来和人们庆祝感恩节的活动变化过程。1Whats the best title for the passage?AHow to celebrate Thanksgiving around the worldBThe first Thanksgiving and its developmentCVarious celebration activities of Thanksgiving around the worldDTwo national Thanksgiving declared by Lincoln解析：选B标题归纳题。由每段段首的句意可推知本文是按照时间的先后顺序来写的，纵观全文可知主要讲述第一个感恩节的由来和人们庆祝第一个感恩节的活动，故选B项。2Who celebrated the first Thanksgiving?AIndians.BEuropeans.CPresident Lincoln. DPilgrims.解析：选D细节理解题。由第一段第一句可知许多美国人认为，现在所谓的感恩节起源于1620年抵达美国海岸的清教徒所庆祝的节日，故选D项。3Which is the right order of the events for the first Thanksgiving?Thanksgiving was represented by turkeys, a large feast and large family reunions.Two national Thanksgivings were declared by President Lincoln.Indians and Pilgrims celebrated a traditional English Autumn Harvest Festival.Pilgrims arrived on the shores of America.A BC D解析：选A推理判断题。由第一段可知先是一些清教徒来到美国海岸，受到印第安人的帮助，之后于1621年庆祝传统的英国秋收节，由此排除C、D两项，然后根据第二、三段内容可知，先是出现美国总统林肯宣布的两个全国性感恩节，才出现后来的以火鸡、大餐和家庭团聚为主要特征的庆祝活动。故选A项。4The year 2020 will be the _ anniversary of Thanksgiving.A200th B300thC400th D500th解析：选C推理判断题。由文章最后一句“The 300th anniversary of the Pilgrims landing in America in 1920 .”可知，1920年是感恩节300周年庆，可推知2020年将是400周年庆，故选C项。BThere are a number of special days of the year that are celebrated in different countries. The origins of most of the days are unknown. They were certainly not created by individual people. Other days, however, especially those celebrated in western countries, often owe their origins to a particular person. One of the most popular of these, even though it is fairly recent, is Mothers Day. Mothers have always been highly regarded in all cultures. The ancient Romans had a festival known as Hilario, during which children took presents to the temple of the “Mother of the Gods”. The Christian Church adopted this idea and called it Mothering Sunday. However, over the years this custom was gradually forgotten and almost disappeared by the end of the 19th century.Born in 1864 in Virginia, USA, Anna Jarvis was a school teacher and believed children should show gratitude to their mothers for all their love and care. Encouraged by a friend, she wrote to thousands of important people politicians, churchmen, doctors, city officials and asked them to support her idea: a special day of the year for thanking mothers.In 1910 the Governor of West Virginia introduced Mothers Day into the state. The date chosen was May 10 the second Sunday in May, which is still observed in America today. This date was chosen because May 10 was the date on which in 1908 Anna Jarviss mother had died. In 1914 President Woodrow Wilson made May 10 the official date for Mothers Day throughout the United States.Soon there was a Mothers Day International Association and the custom began to be adopted in many countries of the world.Anna Jarvis, a sad and disillusioned (失望的) woman, died in 1948. Th