罗斯福著名英语演讲稿之四大自由 演讲者简介：富兰克林德拉诺罗斯福(英语：FranklinDelanoRoosevelt，1882年1月30日-1945年4月12日，美国人通常以其姓名缩写FDR称之)，第32任美国总统，是20世纪美国二三十年代经济危机和第二次世界大战的中心人物之一。从1933年至1945年间，连续出任四届美国总统，且是唯一连任超过两届的美国总统。 在一九四一年一月六日致国会的咨文中，富兰克林.罗斯福总统要求国会根据租借法案，把必要的武器装备提供给那些总统认为其防御对美国利益至关重要的国家。由于战争逼近，他宣布了四项人类的基本自由这项宣布，被认为是关于美国人民准备为之奋斗的原则的最简要声明。被罗斯福称为四大自由的分别是：表达意见的自由，崇拜的自由，不虞匮乏的自由，免除恐惧的自由。 Mr.President,Mr.Speaker,membersofthe77thCongress: Iaddressyou,themembersofthisnewCongress,atamomentunprecedentedinthehistoryoftheunion.Iusetheword“unprecedented”becauseatnoprevioustimehasAmericansecuritybeenasseriouslythreatenedfromwithoutasitistoday. SincethepermanentformationofouernmentundertheConstitutionin1789,mostoftheperiodsofcrisisinourhistoryhaverelatedtoourdomesticaffairs.And,fortunately,onlyoneofthese-thefour-yearwarbetweentheStates-everthreatenedournationalunity.Today,thankGod,130,000,000Americansin48Stateshaveottenpointsofthepassinournationalunity. Itistruethatpriorto1914theUnitedStatesoftenhasbeendisturbedbyeventsinothercontinents.WehaveevenengagedintwowarswithEuropeannationsandinanumberofundeclaredwarsintheWestIndies,intheMediterraneanandinthePacific,forthemaintenanceofAmericanrightsandfortheprinciplesofpeacefulmerce.Butinnocasehadaseriousthreatbeenraisedagainstournationalsafetyorourcontinuedindependence. WhatIseektoconveyisthehistorictruththattheUnitedStatesasanationhasatalltimesmaintainedopposition-clear,definiteopposition-toanyattempttolockusinbehindanancientChinesewallwhiletheprocessionofcivilizationwentpast.Today,thinkingofourchildrenandoftheirchildren,weopposeenforcedisolationforourselvesorforanyotherpartoftheAmericas. Thatdeterminationofours,extendieralltheseyears,wasproved,forexample,intheearlydaysduringthequartercenturyofwarsfollowingtheFrenchRevolution.WhiletheNapoleonicstrugglesdidthreateninterestsoftheUnitedStatesbecauseoftheFrenchfootholdintheWestIndiesandinLouisiana,andwhileweengagedintheWarof1812tovindicateourrighttopeacefultrade,itisneverthelessclearthatneitherFrancenorGreatBritainnoranyothernationwasaimingatdominationofthewholeworld. Andinlikefashion,from1815to1914-niy-nineyears-nosinglewarinEuropeorinAsiaconstitutedarealthreatagainstourfutureoragainstthefutureofanyotherAmericannation. ExceptintheMaximilianinterludeinMexico,noforeignpowersoughttoestablishitselfinthishemisphere.AndthestrengthoftheBritishfleetintheAtlantichasbeenafriendlystrength;itisstillafriendlystrength. EvenwhentheWorldWarbrokeoutin1914,itseemedtocontainonlysmallthreatofdangertoourownAmericanfuture.Butastimewenton,asweremember,theAmericanpeoplebegantovisualizewhatthedownfallofdemocratiationsmightmeantoourowndemocracy. WeneednotoveremphasizeimperfectionsinthepeaceofVersailles.Weneednotharponfailureofthedemocraciestodealwithproblemsofworldreconstruction.Weshouldrememberthatthepeaceof1919wasfarlessunjustthanthekindofpacificationwhichbeganevenbeforeMunich,andwhichisbeingcarriedonundertheneworderoftyrannythatseekstospreadovereverycontinenttoday.TheAmericanpeoplehaveunalterablysettheirfacesagainstthattyranny. Isupposethateveryrealistknowsthatthedemocraticwayoflifeisatthismomentbeingdirectlyassailedineverypartoftheworld-assailedeitherbyarmsorbysecretspreadingofpoisonouspropagandabythosewhoseektodestroyunityandpromotediscordinnationsthatarestillatpeace.During16longmonthsthisassaulthasblottedoutthewholepatternofdemocraticlifeinanappallingnumberofindependentnations,greatandsmall.Andtheassailantsarestillonthemarch,threateningothernations,greatandsmall. Therefore,asyourPresident,performingmyconstitutionaldutytogivetotheCongressinformationofthestateoftheunion,Ifinditunhappilynecessarytoreportthatthefutureandthesafetyofourcountryandofourdemocracyareoverwhelminglyinvolvedineventsfarbeyondourborders. Armeddefenseofdemocraticexistenceisnowbeinggallantlywagedinfourcontinents.Ifthatdefensefails,allthepopulationandalltheresourcesofEuropeandAsia,andAfricaandAustral-Asiawillbedominatedbyconquerors.Andletusrememberthatthetotalofthosepopulationsinthosefourcontinents,thetotalofthosepopulationsandtheirresourcesgreatlyexceedthesumtotalofthepopulationandtheresourcesofthewholeoftheWesternHemisphere-yes,manytimesover. Intimesliketheseitisimmature-and,incidentally,untrue-foranybodytobragthatanunpreparedAmerica,single-handedandwithonehandtiedbehinditsback,canholdoffthewholeworld. NorealisticAmericancanexpectfromadictatorspeaceinternationalgenerosity,orreturnoftrueindependence,orworlddisarmament,orfreedomofexpression,orfreedomofreligion-orevengoodbusiness.Suchapeacewouldbringnosecurityforusorforourneighbors.Thosewhowouldgiveupessentiallibertytopurchasealittletemporarysafetydeserveneitherlibertynorsafety. Asanationwemaytakeprideinthefactthatwearesoft-hearted;butwecannotaffordtobesoft-headed.Wemustalwaysbewaryofthosewhowithsoundingbrassandatinklingcymbalpreachtheismofappeasement.WemustespeciallybewareofthatsmallgroupofselfishmenwhowouldclipthewingsoftheA