英语开题报告参考模板 下面是中国为您准备的英语开题报告参考模板，供大家参考和借鉴噢!希望能对您有所帮助。后续精彩不断，敬请关注! FunctionandApplicationofDescriptiveTranslationStudies 1Introduction TheintentionofthisstudyistoexplorepossibleadvantagesofDescriptiveTranslationStudiesasinitsapplicationintranslationpracticeandtranslationanalysis. Sinceearly20thcentury,translationstudiesgraduallybrokeawayfromthemarginalstatuswithinotherrelateddisciplinesandestablisheditselfasanempiricalscience.Fromthenon,schoolsofthoughthavekeptingoutandeachclaimsitslegitimacyforexistence.AmongtheseschoolsisDescriptiveTranslationStudies(DTS). DTSapproachestranslationfromanempiricalperspective.Translationisviewedtobeasocialactivityhavingsignificantimportanceinthereceivingcultureandforthetargetmunity.Therefore,translationisdealtwithbeyondthelinguisticrealizationandlanguageparison,andisincorporatedinsocialandculturalcontext. MyattentionwasfirstdirectedtoDTSbyitspeculiarcharacteristicofobservation,descriptionandexplanation.Thesubjectiswhateverhappensintranslationpractice,fromthedeterminationofprospectivefunctionoftranslationtotheprocessoftranslatorschoiceofstrategies,brainstormingandtherevision,tothefinalproductmakingappearanceinthetargetmunity. ThemethodofDTSisbasicallydescriptive.Theprescriptivetendencyandtheproblem-solutionpatternisabandoned.Translationphenomenaarenoteddown.Withaccumulateddata,someunderlyingtruthsabouttranslationwilleoutwhichwillprovetobeinstructivenotonlyfortheoreticalprobebutalsoforappliedtranslationpractice.Iwillapplythisdescriptivemethodinthecasestudyofthisthesis. AconvenienttoolhasbeensetuptoconductDTS.“Norm”isoperativeateverystageofdescriptionandexplanation.Function,processandproductandtheirr elationshipaswellareskeletalstructureofwhatconstitutedescriptivestudies.Translationphenomenaareaccountedforwiththehelpofnorm. ThecasetakeninthisthesisistheChineseclassicTheDreamofRedMansions.TwoEnglishversionstranslatedrespectivelybyyxtVg.angHsien-yiandDavidHawksareparedandobservationsaremadeinregardtotheirtranslationapproaches. Inthisregard,myobservationsarelimitedtoseveralaspects,Ihopein-depthobservationandexplanationwilldoneinlightofDTS. 2Outline 2.1DevelopmentandmajorconceptsofDTS InthispartIwilldescribeHolmsbasicmapofDTSandtherelationshipbetweenfunction,processandproduct.Iwillalsodiscusssomeimportantconceptssuchaspseudo-translation,multipletranslation,translationese,normetc. 2.2Methodolgy IwillinthispartdiscussthemethodologyofDTSbeforeIapplythesametothecasestudyinthisthesiswithemphasistobeplacedonsemioticapproachandtheconceptnorm. 2.3DTSincontrasttoothertheories AcontraststudywillbeconductedherewiththeobjectivetofindthedifferenceofDTSfromothertheoriessuchasequivalencetheoryandtheChineseXinDayxtVg.acriteria.Someadvantagewillpossiblybeshowninthisstudy. 2.4Casestudy Inthispart,translationofTheDreamofRedMansions(alsotranslatedasTheStoryofTheStone)willbeunderinvestigationinlightofDTS.Translationsamplestobequotedherewillbeselectedatrandom. 2.5Conclusion BasedontheaboveelaborationofDTSandthecasestudy,possibleconclusionwillbeontheadvantageofDTSinspecificstudyoftranslation.Suggestionsonfurtherresearcheffortswillbemadealso. (Note:Whilethetopicwillremainthesame,theabovearrangementofcontentsissubjecttochangeintheprocessofwriting.) ItisthereforepointlesstotrytomakeTCmorescientificthanissensibleinviewofitsplexsubject-matterandavailablemethods.Translatingisamental,multi-factorialactivitywhichcannotexhaustivelybeinvestigatedwithinalinguisticframeworkignoringthepersonofthetranslator.”(Wilss,1982:217)