目 录 Contents,考情精解读,考点一,考点二,考点五,考点四,考点三,A.知识全通关,B.能力大提升,考情精解读,考纲解读,命题趋势,命题规律,高考帮英语 定语从句,1.了解定语从句的基本用法;区别限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句;熟知关系代词和关系副词的用法并能正确判断使用哪种关系词。 2.掌握“介词+关系代词“引导的定语从句及as和which引导的定语从句的区别。,考纲解读,命题规律,命题趋势,高考帮英语 定语从句,考纲解读,命题规律,返回目录,定语从句仍会是高考考查的重点之一,考点集中在:关系代词(that, which, who)及关系副词(when, where)的选用上。在语篇型语法填空中以无提示词的形式对定语从句进行考查。,命题趋势,高考帮英语 定语从句,知识全通关,考点一 关系代词引导的定语从句,继续学习,高考帮英语 定语从句,A. 关系代词的用法 引导定语从句的关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等。其用法列表如下:,例 Gangnam Style is a song that/which seems to be popular all over the world.江南Style是一首似乎在全世界都流行的歌曲。(先行词指物,that/which在从句中作主语) The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。(先行词指物,that在从句中作宾语) The old man whom my grandpa is playing chess with is an old friend of his.那位正在和我爷爷下棋的老人是他的一个老朋友。(先行词指人,whom在从句中作宾语) He who doesnt reach the Great Wall is not a true man.不到长城非好汉。(先行词指人,who在从句中作主语) The man chose to live in a room whose window faces the sea.那个人选择住在一间窗户朝海的房间里。(先行词指物,whose在从句中作定语),高考帮英语 定语从句,继续学习,特别提醒 使用关系代词时,我们应该考虑两点:先行词是“人“还是“物“;关系代词在定语从句中充当什么成分(限制性定语从句中,关系代词作宾语时可以省略)。 巧学妙记 关系代词的记忆口诀: 前看先行人或物,后看从句缺宾主。 物作先行that/which,人作先行that/who(m)。 whose 通常作定语,人、物两者都兼顾。 B. 易混关系代词的辨析 (1)关系代词that与which 1)只能用that而不用which引导定语从句的情况,高考帮英语 定语从句,继续学习,当先行词是 everything, anything, nothing, all, none, some, few, little等不定代词时或者先行词被all, any, no, little, few, much等词修饰时,只能用关系代词that引导定语从句。 Is there anything that I can do for you?我可以帮你什么忙吗? 当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时,为避免重复,其后的定语从句要用that引导。 Can you tell me who is the man that is sitting on the rock smoking?你能告诉我那个坐在岩石上抽烟的人是谁吗? 当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰,或者先行词为序数词或基数词时,关系代词只用that。 This is the most amusing short play that I have watched these years.这是我这些年来观看过的最好笑的短剧。 As a student, the first thing that you should do every morning is to make a proper plan.作为一个学生,每天早晨你应当做的第一件事就是要制订适当的计划。,高考帮英语 定语从句,继续学习,高考帮英语 定语从句,继续学习,先行词被the only, the very等修饰时,关系代词只能用that。 This is the only thing that I am after.这是我唯一追求的事情。 如果有两个定语从句,其中一个已经用了关系代词which,则另一个就要用that以避免重复。 The city has brought in some clothing enterprises which produce clothes that are mainly sold abroad.该市引进了一些服装企业,这些企业生产的服装主要向国外出售。 先行词既有人又有物时,只能用that。 Whenever I recall my classmates and funny things that still seem to be fresh in my mind, I cant help smiling.对于我的同学和那些好玩儿的事情,我似乎仍记忆犹新,每当想起我都会情不自禁地笑起来。,高考帮英语 定语从句,继续学习,2)只用which不用that的情况 在非限制性定语从句中,关系代词只用which。 The actress always shows off, which no doubt makes other actresses unhappy.这位女演员总爱炫耀,这无疑使其他的女演员感到不高兴。 关系代词前面有介词时,只用which。 This is the room in which he lives. 这是他居住的房间。 先行词为that时,只用which。 Whats that which is under the desk? 在桌子底下的那个东西是什么? (2) 关系代词which与as as引导的非限制性定语从句在句中的位置比较灵活,可以放在句首、句中和句末;而which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在先行词的后面。,例 As we know, China is famous for its Four Great Inventions./ China, as we know, is famous for its Four Great Inventions./ China is famous for its Four Great Inventions, as we know.众所周知,中国因四大发明而闻名。 It was raining heavily, which kept us indoors.雨下得很大,我们出不了门了。 as在从句中作主语时,后面常接行为动词的被动语态。如as is known, as was said, as is reported等。如果从句中的行为动词是主动语态,一般用which作主语。 She has been absent again, as is expected.她又缺席了,这在预料之中。 Tom has made great progress, which makes me very happy.汤姆取得了很大进步,这使我很高兴。,高考帮英语 定语从句,继续学习,高考帮英语 定语从句,继续学习,特别提醒 as常用在下列习惯用语中: as everybody can see正如人人都能看到的那样 as we had expected正如我们所预料的那样 as often happens正如经常发生的那样 as has been said before正如以前所说的那样 as is mentioned above正如上面提到的 as is often the case情况往往是这样 在限制性定语从句中当先行词被the same, such修饰时,其后的定语从句用as来引导而不用which,关系代词as 在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。 I never heard such stories as he told.我从未听过他讲的这类故事。(as作宾语) He is not the same man as he was.他和过去不同了。(as作表语),C. whose的用法及其转换形式 (1)whose是一个表示所属关系的词,在定语从句中作定语,其后应紧跟名词,构成名词短语。 Thats the child whose father is a teacher.那就是父亲是老师的那个孩子。 (2)whose引导定语从句时,先行词不仅可以指人,还可以指物。 Do you know the woman whose husband is a doctor?你知道那个女人吗?她的丈夫是医生。 This is a book whose cover is green.这是一本绿皮书。,高考帮英语 定语从句,继续学习,返回目录,高考帮英语 定语从句,(3)of which可以代替whose指物,词序一般是:the+名词+of which或of which+the+名词,即whose+名词=the+名词+of which=of which+the+名词,of whom可以代替whose指人,词序是the+名词+of whom,即whose+名词=the+名词+of whom。 He lives in the room whose window faces south.=He lives in the room the window of which faces south.=He lives in the room of which the window faces south.他住在窗户朝南的房间里。 This is the scientist whose name is known all over the country.=This is the scientist the name of whom is known all over the country. 这就是那位全国知名的科学家。,考点二 关系副词引导的定语从句,高考帮英语