定语从句讲解练习,概 念,什么是定语从句： 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。其作用是修饰主句中的某一名词或代词，修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。 e.g. Do you know the man （who came to see Xiaowang this morning? ）,名 词,定语从句,先行词,=,e.g. There is somebody here (who wants to speak to you. ) 这里有人要和你说话。,代词,定语从句放在先行词之后，先行词由关系代 词或关系副词 引导，关系词放在它们中间。 关系代词：who, whom, that, which, whose 关系副词：when, where, why e.g. 1. He is a man whom we should all learn from. 他是一个我们都应当学习的人 2. I still remember the day when I first came to 定语从句的翻译。,要 点：,注 意：,用 法：,1 . 定语从句修饰人，用who that，（who和that一般可互换，有时可省去） 如人后有介词，则必须用whom . e.g. The people (whothat) you were talking to were Japanese. Is she the girl that sells flowers?,He is a man that you can safely depend on. 他是一个你能依靠的人。 The girl to whom I spoken is my cousin. The girl whothat I spoken to is my cousin.,区别相似关系词,由who，whom和whose引导的定语从句 who在从句中作主语，whom在从句中作宾语， whose在从句中作定语。 e.g. 1. This is the thief who stole my bike. 这就是偷我自行车的那个贼。 2. He is the boy whom you wanted to find. 他就是你想要找的那个男孩。,3. The girl whose mother is a doctor is waiting for you outside. 妈妈是个医生的那个女孩在外面等你。,2 . 修饰物用which that. e.g. The train whichthat has just is for xian. The pen thatwhich you gave me is very nice. This is the question that weve had so much discussion about. This is the question about which weve had so much discussion,用 法：,3. when指时间，在定语从句中做时间状语 (1) I still remember the day when I first came to the school. (2) The time when we got together finally came.,4. where指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语 (1) Shanghai is the city where I was born. (2) The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down. 5. why指原因，在定语从句中做原因状语 (1) Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane. (2) I dont know the reason why he looks unhappy today.,判断关系代词与关系副词,重点,关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词（who, whom, that, which, whose）； 先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词 （ where 地点状语，when 时间状语，why 原因状语） 。,判断改错： This is the mountain village where I visited last year. This is the mountain village （which） I visited last year . I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside. Ill never forget the days （which） I spent in the countryside.,巩固练习,1. Is this museum _ you visited a few days ago? A. where B. that C. on which D. the one 2. Is this the museum _ the exhibition was held? A. where B. that C. on which D. the one,D,A,解释： 1: this museum作主语，the one代替主语作先行词，且作宾语，省去which. 2: the museum作状语。 判断改错（用横线表示出错误并改正。） 1. This is the mountain village where I visited last year. 2. I will never forget the days when I spent in the city.,改 1：where改成which，因为the mountain village作宾语。 2： when改成which，因为the days作宾语。,介词+关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词 在定语从句中做介词宾语时从句常由介词 +关系代词引导 (1) The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous. The school in which he once studied is very famous.,注 意,(2) Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for. Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine for which you asked. (3) Well go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/who) we have often talked about. Well go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked.,只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况,A ) 在there be 句型中，只用that，不用which。,B ) 在不定代词，如：anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little等作先行词时，只用that，不用which,C ) 先行词有the only, the same, the very, all, any, no , much 等修饰时，只用that。,强 调：,D ) 先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that,E ) 先行词既有人，又有物时。 F )当主句以who、which开头时，用that避免重复。,All_ glitters is not gold.,I realize that there is very little_ I can offer him.,The only thing_ matters is to find our way home.,This is the very good film_ I have seen.,Look at the man and his donkey_ are corssing the bridge. Who is the student _ you often say.,that,that,that,that,that,that,不用that的情况,a) 引导非限定性定语从句时。例如： （错）The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here. 改正：that改为which.,b) 介词后不能用。例如： We depend on the land from which we get our food. 我们依赖土地获得食物。,做 到 精 益 求 精,We depend on the land that/which we get our food from.,定语从句分限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 非限制性定语从句的先行词和关系词常用逗号隔开，且不能用that引导。 e.g. 1、She had eight children, three of whom lived to grow up. 2、Smoking, which is a bad habit,is very popular.,勇攀高峰强化训练,Dont talk about such things of _ you are not sure. A. which B. what C. as D. those Is this the factory _ you visited the other day? A. that B. where C. in which D. the one,3. Is this factory _some foreign friends visited last Friday? A. that B. where C. which D. the one 4. Is this the factory _he worked ten years ago? A. that B. where C. which D. the one 5. The wolves hid themselves in the places _ couldnt be found. A. that B. where C. in which D. in that,6. Ill tell you _ he told me last week. A. all which B. that C. all that D. which,7. The two things _ they felt very proud are Jims gold watch and Dellas hair. A. about which B. of which C. in which D. for which,8. I like the second football match _ was held last week. A. which B. who C. that D. / 9. He failed in the examination, _ made his father very