初二现在完成时教案一、知识梳理：(一)、现在完成时1.构成现在完成时是由助动词 have(has)+动词的过去分词构成。助动词说明该谓语是属于现在时范围。它和主语的人称、数要保持一致。过去分词是主要的谓语动词，说明句子的意义。(1) 肯定句式: 现在完成时的肯定句式是have（has）过去分词Wehavejustfinishedourhomework(2) 否定句式：现在完成时的否定句式是havent（hasnt）过去分词WehaventstudiedUnit2yet(3) 疑问句式: 现在完成时的一般疑问句式是把助动词have或has提到主语之前。Haveyoureadthisstorybookyet？2.用法(1)表示动作发生在过去某个不确定的时间，但对现在留下了某种影响和结果。常被just、already、yet 等副词修饰。如：-Have you had lunch yet? -Yes,I have. Ive just had it.你(已经)吃午饭了吗？ 我刚刚吃过。(现在我不饿了)(2)表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。这个动作可能刚停止，可能仍然在进行。常带有for和since等表示一段时间的状语。 如：He has taught here since 1981他自1981年就在这儿教书。(可能还要继续教)I havet seen her for four years.我有四年没见到她了。(3)表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作，现在成为一种经验，一般译为汉语“过”，常带有twice,ever,never,three times等时间状语。如： I have been to Beijing twice.我去过北京二次1.Tom_theCDplayerfortwoweeks.A.haslentB.hasborrowedC.hasboughtD.hashad解析：A、B、C均为非延续性动词，在肯定句中不与表段时间的短语连用，故选D2. We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl.A.know B.had known C.have known D. knew解析：现在完成时时常与for +时间段或since +过去时间点连用(含从句，从句过去时)。故应选C。3.-_ you _ your homework yet ?-Yes . I _ it a moment ago .A.Did;do;finished B.Have;done;finished C.Have;done;have finished D.will;do;finish解析：现在完成时与一般过去时容易混淆，就是因为它们所表示的动作都发生在过去，但二者又有区别：一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作，说话的侧重点在于陈述一件过去的事情，与现在没有关系;现在完成时表示与现在有关系的发生在过去的动作,它不与表示过去的时间状语(如yesterday,last week,a moment ago等)连用。故应选B。4.Hurry up!The play _ for ten minutes .A.has begun B.had begunC.has been on D.began解析：现在完成时中,非延续性动词不能与for和since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用,通常是用相应的延续性动词来代替。故应为C5.Shes _ (live) here ever since she was ten.（用时态填空）解析：本题考查的是时态的运用，故应填lived / has been living6.His father _ the Party since 1978 .A.joined B.has joined C. was in D.has been in解析：现在完成时中,非延续性动词不能与for和since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用,通常是用相应的延续性动词来代替。故应选为D。7. _ my glasses?Yes, I saw them on your bed a minute ago.A. Do you see B. Had you see C. Would you see D. Have you seen解析：现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响.故应选D（二）、外研版八年级下册固定搭配和重点短语21.invitesbtodosth.邀请某人做某事2.thinkabout考虑3.makeup编造4.stopdoingsth.停止做某事5.comewith和.一起去6.thefirstprize一等奖7.atthemoment此时，现在8.sofar到目前为止9.asksb.todosth.要求某人做某事10.enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事11.afifteen-year-oldboy一个十五岁的男孩12.oneofthe+形容词最高级+名词复数最.之一13.bedifferentfrom与.不同14.countdown倒数15.sendsb.todosth.把某人送去做某事16.enteracompetition参加竞赛17.writeabout编写；写作18.thinkabout考虑19.travelaroundtheworld环游世界20.workfor效力于21.forexample例如22.lookforwardtodoingsth./sth.期盼；期待23.haveawonderfultime玩的开心24.apairof一双25.therestof剩余的二、课堂练习：1. 完形填空（本大题有10小题，每一题1分，共10分）通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。A tramp (流浪汉) was sleeping on a park bench late at night. A man and a woman were walkingl. One of them tapped him 2 and asked, “3. Whats the time?” The tramp was very angry 4. “I dont know!” he said angrily. “I havent got a watch.” And he went back to sleep.5 later another man was passing. He woke the tramp up and said, “I am sorry to bother you, but I 6 if you could tell me 7.”Again the tramp said he 8. By now he was very fed up (厌烦之极) , so he got a pen and a piece of paper and wrote I DONT KNOW WHAT THE TIME IS on it and went back to sleep. Half an hour 9, a policeman was passing. He 10 the sign, woke the tramp up and said, “Its 2:30, sir!”l. A. past B. passed C. to pass D. passing 2. A. on his shoulder B. on the shoulder C. to his shoulder D. to the shoulder 3. A. Sorry B. Hello C. Excuse me D. Pardon 4. A. by being woken up B. to be woken up C. at being woken up D. being woken up 5. A. Sometimes B. Sometime C. Some times D. Some time 6. A. know B. ask C. wonder D. wait 7. A. what time is it B. what is the time C. what time it is D. what was the time 8. A. knew nothing B. didnt know C. knew nobody D. didnt answer 9. A. after B. late C. past D. later 10. A. read B. was reading C. reads D. reading 2.短文填空（本大题有10小题，每一题1.5分，共15分）I am Jackie Lee, an American Chinese.Let me tell you about my grandfathers life story. My grandfather was (71)_ in 1932 and grew up in a poor village in Fujian, China.At the age of 14, he first heard of America.It was said to be the land of gold and poor people could easily become (72)_ there.So, my grandfather came to America.“I had thought it was easy to (73)_ money