Related Conception (相关概念),什么是名词？,表示人或事物的名称的词叫名词。,2. 名词在句子当中一般可以作什么成分?,The boy is Li Ming.,Mr. Liang , a 24-year-old boy, teaches us English .,主语,表语,同位语,宾语,在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的主语、宾语、表语和同位语，由一个句子来充当,这个句子就叫名词性从句。,什么是名词性从句?,名词性从句,主语从句 ( The Subject Clause),宾语从句 ( The Object Clause),表语从句 ( The Predicative Clause),同位语从句 ( The Appositive Clause),疑问意义（关联词if ，whether表“是否”） 我不知道它是否有趣。 I dont know if / whether it is interesting. 他不在乎天气是否好。 He doesnt care if it isnt a fine day. 我想知道他来还是不来。 I want to know whether he will come or not. 注：表示“是否”既可以用if也可以用whether，但是whether常与or not连用；作介词宾语只用whether，从句是否定句时一般用if。,特殊疑问意义 （关联词who, whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why, etc） 请告诉我谁将与你一起去。 Please tell me who will go with you. 我想知道他为什么还没打电话我。 I wonder why he hasnt called me. 他没有意识到他已经做了件多么可怕的事。 He isnt aware of what a terrible thing he has done. 注：宾语从句作及物动词的宾语，也可作介词的宾语。,宾语从句,在复合句中起宾语作用，可以作动词的宾语，也可以作介词的宾语。 陈述意义（关联词 that） 我相信他是诚实的。 I believe( that) he is honest. 我不知道你会来这里。 I dont know( that) you will come here. 注：that在从句中不充当任何成分；在口语或非正式文体中常被省去。,句子类型,that,陈述句,一般疑问句,If/whether,特殊疑问词,特殊疑问句,总结一,注意问题,语序问题：在含有宾语从句的复合句中，宾语从句都要使用陈述语序 When did the train leave? I want to know. I want to know when the train left.,时态问题： 如果主句是一般现在时、一般将来时或祈使句，宾语从句时态不受限制，可以依据表达的需要来确定。如： I hear he is here today/ he was here yesterday/he will be here tomorrow. 如果主句是一般过去时，宾语从句应与主句保 持一致，即使用过去时态某种形式。如 He said he was watching TV/ he had swept the floor / he would play football after school.,如果宾语从句所叙述的是客观事实、自然现象、科学真理时，从句不受主句限制，用一般现在时。如： Everyone answered there are sixty minutes in an hour.,总结 二,从句时态,主句时态,现在时/将来时,相应任何时态,过去时,相应过去任何时态,否定转移：,我认为他不会来这里,I think he wont come here. ( ) I dont think he will come here. ( ),如果宾语从句是由think, believe, imagine, suppose等词引导的时候，要将从句中的否定形式转移到主句中去。,巧学妙计,That 引导陈述句，that可以省略掉； 一般问句表“是否”，if/whether来引导，从句有or not前方必有whether，从句表否定通常用If； 特殊问句作宾从，陈述语序最为妙。,表语从句,用做表语的从句叫表语从句,位置： 一般放在系动词be, 后.,The problem is that we have little money. That is what he wants us to do. That is where she got her masters degree.,表语从句的连接词( 四大类),that 引导的表语从句, 本身无意义, 但不能 省略. 2. whether 引导的表语匆遽意为: “是否”. 不能 用 if 替代. what , which ,who, whom, whose可在表语 从句中充当“ 主语, 宾语,定语, 有自己的词义. 4. where ,when, why, how 在表语匆遽中可充当时间, 地点,方式,原因状语.,The mothers question was that she has no time to look after her daughter. 2.The question is whether that boy will turn up in time. 3. Tom is no longer what he used to be . 4.That is where I cant agree with you.,无义,是否,.的样子,的地方,特殊用法:,1.because 引导的表语从句.的结构. 2.as if / as though引导的表语从句常 在连系 动词 look , seem, sound , be , become 后面.,My anger is because you havent finish your homework.,It seemed as if the brothers were playing a joke on Henry.,1. I think it is unnecessary for me to speak louder. 2. His mother is satisfied with he has done. 3. he was able to come made us happy. 4. This is makes us interested. 5. The reason was Tod had never seen the million pound note before.,what / that,(that),what,(that),what,(that),I dont know where he comes from.,I think （that）he lives in Beijing.,1、 He lives in Beijing I think,2、 Does Jack come from Japan? Do you know?,Do you know whether（if） Jack comes from Japan?,3、 Where does he come from? I dont know,句型转换,1、I am sure_ （他来自美国） 2、I dont know _ 他是否喜欢音乐） 3、Do you know _ （她正在谈论什么）,（that） he comes from America.,whether（if） he loves music.,what she is talking about.,汉译英,（一） 1、Do you know where now? A、he lives B、does he live C 、he lived D、did he live 2、Can you tell me what time ？ A、the train leave B、does the train leave C、will the train leave D、the train leaves 3、I cant understand _ A、what does Christmas mean B、what Christmas does mean C、what mean Christmas does D、what Christmas means,单项选择,4、I dont know he will come tomorrow。 he comes， I will tell you A If；whether B whether; whether C if; That D if; If 5、I want to know A whom is she looking after B whom she is looking C whom is she looking D whom she is looking after,6. Have you found out _ we can do on Hainan Island ? A. what B. how C. if D. whether 7. Lily said _ she had finished her composition . A. if B. that C. when D. where 8. I dont know _ he still lives here. A. where B. what C. when D. whether 9. Could you show me _ ? A. how can I get to the station B. where is the station C. how I would get to the station D. how I can reach the station,单项选择 1.I dont know_ we can live on the island without any food. A.where B what C how D that 2.Could you tell me _? A Where is the part ? B Whos on duty ? C Whose book is this ? D What are they doing ? 3 The teacher told us that the earth _around the sun. A moved B moves C move D moving 4.Could you tell me _? A if he would