第3讲-句子成分和句子结构指出下列句子中划线部分的句子成分：1. Whether well go depend on the weather. ( 主语 )2. Peoples standards of living are going up steadily. ( 谓语 )3. That was how they were defeated. ( 表语 )4. The nursery takes good care of our children. ( 宾语 )5. Ill return the book to you tomorrow. ( 间接宾语 )6. We are sure that we shall succeed. ( 宾语 )7. The woman with a baby in her arms is his other. ( 定语 )8. There are many films that Id like to see. ( 定语 )9. Have you met the person about whom he was speaking? ( 定语 )10. I have a lot of work to do. ( 定语 )11. Anyway I wont stop you from doing it. ( 状语 )12. I said it in fun. ( 状语 )13. We can send a car over to fetch you. ( 状语 )14. She had to work standing up. ( 状语 )15. Seeing this, some comrades became very worried. ( 状语 )16. Much interested, he agreed to give it a try. ( 状语 )17. The bus arrived ten minutes late. ( 状语 )18. We should serve the people heart and soul. ( 状语 )19. Spring coming on, the tree turned green. ( 状语 )20. Some farmers saw something strange in the sky. ( 定语 )21. We think it necessary that everyone should attend the meeting. ( 宾语 )22. Its strange that she doesnt come today. ( 主语 )23. It was in the library that I come today. ( 状语 )24. He likes drawing at times when he isnt working. ( 定语 )25. We left in such a hurry that we forgot to lock the door. ( 状语 )1. 问学生一些简单的问题，比如：Who am I？What are we doing？让学生来用到不同的句型回答老师的问题。从而抛出语言的主要目的是为了交流，而针对不同的情况需要用到不同的句型。（注意：在回答为You are a teacher时，可以问学生如果没有are，能否呈现所需要表达的含义。）1.Who am I？2.What are we doing？3.What gift you received from your friend at your birth day？其他参考快速应答：1. Q: Hello Im Steven White for Cambridge. A: Hi! Nice to meet you. 2. Q: You wont be late again, will you? A: Of course I wont. 3. Q: What do you like reading in your spare time? A: I usually read science fiction. 4. Q: I dont feel like eating anything these days. A: Neither do I. 5. Q: Were having a party this weekend, would you care to come? A: I would love to come. 6. Q: Why its you! How are you doing? A: Fine thank you. And you? 7. Q: What do you think of my bicycle? A: Its a nice one. 8. Q: Do you mind if I make a phone call here? A: Of course not. 9. Q: I apologize for what I said just now. A: Thats all right. 10. Q: Make sure you lock the door when you leave. A: OK. I will. 11. Q: I hope your work is going well. A: Thank you very much. 12. Q: How do you like the lunch at your school? A: Its very nice. 13. Q: Would you mind if I took the book away with me? A: Of course not. 14. Q: What about joining us in the game? A: All right. 15. Q: Im sorry I didnt mean to hurt you. A: Thats all right. 1.词的分类英语中的词根据其形式特征、词义以及在句子中的作用可以分成十大类，称为词类（parts of speech)。词类英语名称缩写形式例词名词nounn.net 网代词pronounpron.he 他动词verbv.cut 割形容词adjectiveadj.beautiful 美丽的副词adverbadv.well 好数词numeralnum.one 一冠词articleart.the介词prepositionprep.for 为了连词conjunctionconj.but 但是感叹词interjectionint.oh 哦名词、代词、动词、形容词、副词、和数词能在句中独立充当成分，称为实词。冠词、介词、连词和感叹词不能在句中独立充当成分，称为虚词。1.2句子成分1.主语（subject）：句子说明的人或事物。The sun rises in the east. （名词）He likes dancing. （代词）Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词)Seeing is believing.（动名词）To see is to believe.（不定式）What he needs is a book. （主语从句）It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. （It形式主语）（打为高中所要学习的语法知识点）【例题精讲】请找出下列句子的主语：(1). The boy comes from America.(2). He usually went to school alone.(3). Studying English is very important. (4). To teach him a lesson seems quite necessary. (5). That he won the prize excited everyone.(6). It is important for us to have our dreams.(7). It is obvious that he was wrong.(8). It is no use crying over spilt milk.2.谓语（predicate）：说明主语的动作、状态和特征。简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如：He practices running every morning.复合谓语：由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如：You may keep the book for two weeks.He has caught a bad cold.【例题精讲】请找出下列句子的谓语(1). His parents are teachers.(2). The sun rises in the east.(3). We have finished reading the book.(4). You ought to work harder.(5). I felt cold.(6). He doesnt like music.3.宾语：（1）动作的承受者-动宾I like China. （名词） He hates you. （代词）How many do you need? We need two. （数词）We should help the old and the poor. （形容词） I enjoy working with you. （动名词）I hope to see you again. （不定式） Did you write down what he said? （宾语从句）（2）介词