Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR),Corporate Citizenship Concepts Corporate social responsibility emphasizes obligation and accountability to society Corporate social responsiveness emphasizes action, activity Corporate social performance emphasizes outcomes, results,1,社会义务、社会响应、社会责任,社会义务(social obligation)：企业在追求经济利益同时尽了法律要求的义务。 社会响应(social responsiveness) ：企业响应社会公认的价值准则，优先处理最受社会关注的事务的能力。-满足普遍性的社会需求,但未从长远角度考虑(社会呼吁) 社会责任(social responsibility) ：企业在追求经济利益同时也追求有利于社会长远目标的义务。,社会义务,社会责任,社会响应,2,Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR),Carrolls Four Part Definition CSR encompasses the economic, legal, ethical and discretionary (philanthropic) expectations that society has of organizations at a given point in time,3,Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR),Carrolls Four Part Definition Understanding the Four Components,4,Pyramid of CSR,Philanthropic ResponsibilitiesBe a good corporate citizen. Ethical ResponsibilitiesBe ethical. Legal ResponsibilitiesObey the law. Economic ResponsibilitiesBe profitable.,5,Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR),CSR in Equation Form Is the Sum of: Economic Responsibilities (Make a profit) Legal Responsibilities (Obey the law) Ethical Responsibilities (Be ethical) Philanthropic Responsibilities (Good corporate citizen) CSR,6,Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)Arguments For,Addresses social issues business caused and allows business to be part of the solution Protects business self-interest,Limits future government intervention Addresses issues by using business resources and expertise Addresses issues by being proactive,7,Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)Arguments Against,Restricts the free market goal of profit maximization Business is not equipped to handle social activities Dilutes the primary aim of business,Increase business power Limits the ability to compete in a global marketplace,8,Corporate Social Performance,Carrolls CSP model integrates economic concerns into a social performance framework,9,Corporate Social PerformanceNonacademic Research,Fortunes ranking of most and least admired corporations Council on Economic Priorities Corporate Conscience Awards Business Ethics Magazine Awards WalkerInformations Research on the impact of social responsibility,10,Corporate Citizenship,Corporate citizenship embraces all the facets of corporate social responsibility, responsiveness and performance,11,Socialand FinancialPerformance,Good CorporateSocial Performance,Perspective 1: CSP Drives the Relationship,Good Corporate Financial Performance,Good CorporateReputation,Good CorporateFinancialPerformance,Perspective 2: CFP Drives the Relationship,Good CorporateSocial Performance,Good CorporateReputation,Good CorporateSocial Performance,Perspective 3: Interactive Relationship Among CSP, CFP, and CR,Good CorporateFinancialPerformance,Good CorporateReputation,12,有关社会责任的两种相反的观点,斯蒂芬在管理学中提出两种社会责任观点。 古典观 社会经济观,13,What Is Social Responsibility?,The Classical View（古典观） Managements only social responsibility is to maximize profits (create a financial return) by operating the business in the best interests of the stockholders (owners of the corporation). Expending the firms resources on doing “social good” unjustifiably increases costs that lower profits to the owners and raises prices to consumers.,14,What Is Social Responsibility? (contd),The Socioeconomic View（社会经济观） Managements social responsibility goes beyond making profits to include protecting and improving societys welfare. Corporations are not independent entities responsible only to stockholders. Firms have a moral responsibility to larger society to become involved in social, legal, and political issues. “To do the right thing”,15,From Obligation to Responsiveness to Responsibility,Social Obligation（社会义务） The obligation of a business to meet its economic and legal responsibilities and nothing more. Social Responsiveness（社会响应） The capacity of a firm to adapt to changing societal conditions through the practical decisions of its managers in responding to important social needs. Social Responsibility（社会责任） A firms obligations as a moral agent extends beyond its legal and economic obligations, to the pursuit of long-term goals that are good for society.,16,Does Social Responsibility Pay?,Studies appear to show a positive relationship between social involvement and the economic performance of firms. Difficulties in defining and measuring “social responsibility” and “economic performance raise issues of validity and causation in the studies. Mutual funds use social screening in investment decision slightly outperformed other mutual funds. A general conclusion is that a firms social actions do not harm its long-term performance.,17,The Greening of Management,The recognition of the close link between an organizations decision and activities and its impact on the natural environment. Global environmental problems facing managers: Air, water, and soil pollution from toxic wastes Global warming from greenhouse gas emissions Natural resource depleti