unitl business ethics1. On March 27th the California Superior Court gave Elien Pao chanee to test one of Silicon Valleys most cherished pieces of wisdom一that failure is a wonderful pedagogic opportunity.失败乃美妙的学习契机只是硅谷最受珍视的智慧之一。3月27日，美国加州高级法院让鲍康如 得到了验证这一说法的机会。2. Two other discrimination cases against Facebook and Twitter were launched while it was under way.期间又出现了两宗分别指控Facebook和Twitter歧视的案件.3. Silicon Vally likes to think of itself as the very embodiment of meritocracy.硅谷自视是奉行精英选拔机制的典范。4. The venture capital business where Ms.Pao tried to make her career is the Valleys most macho corner.鲍康如想要一展拳脚的风投行业是硅谷里最大男子主义的领域。5. The dearth of female tech leadership is partly a question of supply.科技公司领导层缺乏女性的踪影，一部分原因是供应不足。6. In American schoolgirls have reached rough parity with boys in physics mathematics and biology.美国学校里，女生在物理，数学，和生物课程上的表现基本与男生不相伯仲。7. Critics of Silicon Vally argue that it is a boys clubnot only dominated by men but shaped by male-b on ding ritual.lt may be truer to say that two boys clubs rolled into onethe frat-boy club of moneymen and the geek club of computer programmers.硅谷的批评人士认为这是这个男子俱乐部一一不但由男性主导，而且处处是称兄道弟的男人帮文 化。可能更准确的说，硅谷是两个男子俱乐部合二为一的产物一一投资家兄弟会与程序员极客俱乐 部。8. But it produced a slogan that high-tech women can rally behind.然后，此案为高科技行业的女性从业人员提供了一面团结呐喊的旗帜。9. But that the different disappears when their numbers increase and they receive formal mentoring.而当女性员工增加并得到正式指导时，此前的男女绩效差异会消失。10. Mr.Krzanich has pledged that his company will be “fully representative of the diversity of the countrys available talenfby 2020.Ms.Sandberg has led a campaign to encourage women to “lead irTat work 一that is ,not to be shrinking violets.科再奇则承诺公司将在2020年前“完全体现国内可用人才的多元性”。桑徳伯格发起过运动，鼓励女 性在职场“提身向前”，不再羞怯畏缩。11 The dan ger is that if the job is left en tirely to such outsiders they will come up with a bureaucratic exercise that stifles the Vallys creativity ; or a public-relations make over that does little to advanee womens chances.若完全交予外人处理，最怕他们会弄出一套官僚做法，扼杀硅谷的创意生机；又或者只加以公关包 装，对提升女性职场机会少有助益。12. What makes this a genuinely knotty problem in the Vally one that needs the fully attention of the tech industrys leaders 一is that venture-capital partnerships like the tech startups they back,often work best when they are run by a tight-knit group of partners这一问题Z所以在硅谷成为棘手难题（需要高科技行业领袖充分重视），是因为风投合伙人公司正 如他们投资的科技创业公司一样，需要由关系紧密的一群合伙人运管才有最佳表现。而目前，这样 的小圈子大多全由男性构成。13. The Valleys testosterone-infused culture needs to change so as to address this ,without losing the esprit de corps that seems essential to success.硅谷的雄性文化必须做出改变以应对这一问题，但又不能失去要取得成功必不可少的“团体精神”。unit 2 cultural and creative industry1 The Culture and Creative Industries are now recognized as one of the main springs of the British economy and their future sustainability and growth need to become a priority for the nation.如今，文化创意产业己被公认为英国经济发展的主要动力以后，其未来可持续发展理应成为该国的 优先之举。2. The Ecosystem describes the interconnectedness of the Culture and Creative Industries in terms of the flow of ideas,talents and investment from public and private sources that characterizes them生态系统描述的是以创意，人才和公众及私人投资的流动为特征的文化创意产业之间的关联性。3 .It is also important to no te that Britain culture a nd creative ecosystem n urtures relati on ships with other ecosystem on a global scale via in terchange with other countries, cultural and creative sectors, from inter national film co-productions to the blossomi ng Bienn ales across the world.通过与其他国家的文化和创意部门相互交流从国际电影的联合拍摄到全世界的蓬勃发展的双年 展的举办，英国的文化和创意产业生态系统鼓励其与全球的其他生态系进行关系合作，注意到这一 点也很重要。4 .By combi ng success with blockbuster hits with culturally significant but less profitablein dependent cin ema, the industry is positi oned on a creative-culture conti nuum and recognizes that breadth and depth of choice make British film attractive to audiences.通过将卖座影片的的成功与文化方面重要而不太赚钱的独立电影相结合，该产业定位于创意一文化 的连续统一体上，并承认选择的宽度和深度使得英国电影能够吸引观众。5. The film sector draws on creative ,artistic and technical skills from across the Culture and Creative Industries(performing arts,design,drafts,gamingtech no logies,publishing,directors,etc.).encouragi ng the flow of talent,skills,and fin ancial resources across the ecosystem .电影行业利用来自于整个文化和创意产业的创造技法，艺术技巧和专业技术能力(表演艺术，设 计，手工工艺，游戏技术，出版，导演等)，从而鼓励了人才，技艺和财政资源在整个生态系统内 的流动。6. As a result,at a time of austerity and significant cuts in public funding ,their future viability in terms of tale nt developme nt and audie nce/c on sumer gen erati on is disproporti on ately n egatively influe need.因此，正值紧缩和公共资金大幅缩减之际，在开发人才和产生观众/消费者方面，其未来的生存能 力受到影响，这种影响是不成比例的，负面的。7 .The Creative and Cultural Industries need a more rigorous and systematic analysis of the returns from the critical flow of investment from public and private sources, the migration of talent and Intellectual Property and the impact of R&D across the Ecosystem to underpin the significanee of public investment in general,and the contribution of the publicity funded arts,culture and heritage in particular.创意文化产业需要整个生态