11991 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section Use of EnglishDirections:For each numbered blank in the following passage there are four choices labelled A, B, C and D .Choose the best one and put your choice in theANSWER SHEET. (15 points)When television first began to expand, very few of the people who had become famous as radio commentatorswere able to be equally effective on television. Some of the difficulties they experienced when they were trying to_1_ themselves to the new medium were technical. When working _2_ radio, for example, they hadbecome _3_ to seeing on behalf of the listener.This _4_ of seeing for others means that the commentator has to be very good at talking. _5_ all, hehas to be able to _6_ a continuous sequence of visual images which _7_ meaning to the sounds which thelistener hears. In the _8_ of television, however, the commentator sees everything with the viewer. His role,therefore, is _9_ different. He is there to make _10_ that the viewer does not miss some point of interest,to help him _11_ on particular things, and to _12_ the images on the television screen. _13_ hisradio colleague, he must know the _14_ of silence and how to use it at those moments _15_ the picturesspeak for themselves.1. A turnB adaptC alterD modify2. A onB atC withD behind3. A experiencedB determinedC establishedD accustomed4. A efficiencyB technologyC artD performance5. A OfB ForCAboveD In6. A inspireB createC causeD perceive7. A addB applyC affectD reflect8. A occasionB eventC factD case9. A equallyB completelyC initiallyD hardly10.A definiteB possibleC sureD clear11.A focusB attendC followD insist12.A exhibitB demonstrateC exposeD interpret13.A LikeB UnlikeC AsD For14.A purposeB goalC valueD intention15.A ifB whenC whichD asSection Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Each of the passages below is followed by some questions. For each question four answers are given.Read thepassages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Put your choice in the ANSWERSHEET.(30 points)全国硕士研究生入学考试英语（二）真题第 1 页，共 6 页2Passage 1A wise man once said that the only thing necessary for the triumph of evil is for good men to do nothing. So,as a police officer, I have some urgent things to say to good people.Day after day my men and I struggle to hold back a tidal wave of crime. Something has gone terribly wrongwith our once proud American way of life. It has happened in the area of values. A key ingredient is disappearing,and I think I know what it is: accountability.Accountability isnt hard to define. It means that every person is responsible for his or her actions and liablefor their consequences.Of the many values that hold civilization togetherhonesty, kindness, and so onaccountability may be themost important of all. Without it, there can be no respect, no trust, no lawand, ultimately, no society.My job as a police officer is to impose accountability on people who refuse, or have never learned, to imposeit on themselves. But as every policeman knows, external controls on peoples behavior are far less effective thaninternal restraints such as guilt, shame and embarrassment.Fortunately there are still communitiessmaller towns, usuallywhere schools maintain discipline andwhere parents hold up standards that proclaim: “In this family certain things are not toleratedthey simply are notdone! ”Yet more and more, especially in our larger cities and suburbs, these inner restraints are loosening. Yourtypical robber has none. He considers your property his property; he takes what he wants, including your life if youenrage him.The main cause of this break-down is a radical shift in attitudes. Thirty years ago, if a crime was committed,society was considered the victim. Now, in a shocking reversal, its the criminal who is considered victimized: byhis underprivileged upbringing, by the school that didnt teach him to read, by the church that failed to reach himwith moral guidance, by the parents who didnt provide a stable home.I dont believe it. Many others in equally disadvantaged circumstances choose not to engage in criminalactivities. If we free the criminal, even partly, from accountability, we become a society of endless excuses whereno one accepts responsibility for anything.We in America desperately need more people who believe that the person who commits a crime is the oneresponsible for it.16. What the wise man said suggests that_.A its unnecessary for good people to do anything in face of evilB its certain that evil will prevail if good men do nothing about itC its only natural for virtue to defeat evilD its desirable for good men to keep away from evil17.According to the author, if a person is found guilty of a crime,_.A society is to be held responsibleB modern civilization is responsible for itC the criminal himself should bear the blameD the standards of living should be improved18. Compared with those in small towns, people in large cities have_.A less self-disciplineB better sense of discipline全国硕士研