学习必备欢迎下载ENVIRONMENT 生态，自然，环保SECTION I: 英译中a killing frost 严寒abrasion n. 侵蚀；磨损acid rain n.酸雨 详析 Acid rain is an air pollution produced when acid chemicals are incorporated into rain, snow, fog or mist. The acid in acid rain comes from sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides, products of burning coal and other fuels and from certain industrial processes. acidification n.土地酸化afforestation n. 绿化造林agricultural ecology 农业生态学air emission standards 空气排放标准air pollution 空气污染air pollution emission空气污染排放 (物) algaen. 藻类，海藻alternative fuels -替代燃料详析 Alternative fuels include compressed natural gas, alcohols, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), and electricity.altituden. 海拔ample rainfalln. 充足的雨量annual temperature range年气温幅度anomalies n. 反常（现象）aquatic life 水生植物arid adj. 干旱的artificial rain n.人工降雨ash n. 灰烬atmosphere (The)n. 大气层Autumnal Equinox (fall equinox) 秋分（ 9 月 22 日左右）Vernal Equinox (spring equinox) 春分（ 3 月 21 日左右）biosphere n. 生物圈 详析 The terrestrial biosphere includes the living biota (plants and animals) and the litter and soil organic matter on land, and the marine biosphere includes the biota and detritus in the oceans. biotan. 生态 生物区 详析 Biota means the animal and plant (fauna and flora) life of a given area. barrier effect of mountains 山的阻隔效应、栅栏效应beachgoer n. 海滩游客biomes n. 生物群系black hole n. 黑洞详析 Black hole is a place where the gravity is so strong that light cant even escape from it. how would you know where to look for it? it can also be interpreted as gateways to an alternative universe. canopyn. 树冠 , 华盖car exhaustn.汽车尾气学习必备欢迎下载carbon dioxide (CO2)n. 二氧化碳carbon monoxide (CO) n. 一氧化碳Clean Air Actn. 清洁空气法案 详析 The 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments are the most far-reaching revisions of the 1970 law. In this summary, we refer to the 1990 amendments as the 1990 Clean Air Act.clean energy n. 清洁能源clean fuels n. 清洁燃料 详析 Low-pollution fuels that can replace ordinary gasoline climatic anomaly气候异常climatic zones气候带Temperate 温带（气候）the cool temperate zone 寒温带the warm temperate zone 暖温带Tropical 热带（气候）Subtropical 亚热带（气候）Tundra 苔原（气候）Equatorial 赤道（气候）Arid 干旱（气候）Mediterranean 地中海式（气候）Polar (arctic) 极地（气候）Mountains 高山（气候）Plateau 高原（气候）Maritime 海洋性（气候）Continental climate 大陆气候clint n. 石芽coastline n.海岸线combustionn. 燃烧comet n.彗星confluence n. 汇流（处）详析 A confluence is where a river joins another river. contaminationn. 污染continental plate大陆板块continental shelves大陆架contingency n. 偶发事件convection n 对流corrosionn. 侵蚀cost-effectiveadj. 成本效益好的，合算的cumulonimbus cloudsn. 积雨云daily maximum temperatures n. 日最高气温daily minimum temperaturesn. 日最低气温death toll n. 死亡人数debris flow 泥石流decomposition n.分解，腐烂deep watern. 深冷水区学习必备欢迎下载deforestationn.森林开伐 例子 Efforts have been made to stop deforestation -the removal of forest stands by cutting and burning to provide land for agricultural purposes, residential or industrial building sites, roads, etc. or by harvesting the trees for building materials or fuel. desertificationn.（土壤）沙漠化，荒漠化例子 Overgrazing of rangelands, large-scale cutting of forests and woodlands, drought, and burning of extensive areas all serve to destroy or degrade the land cover and cause desertification. domestic sewage n. 生活污水droughtn. 旱灾dust storm n. 沙尘暴earthquake magnitude 震级eco-agriculture 生态农业ecological impact 生态影响ecosystemn. 生态系统详析 An ecosystem is defined as place having unique physical features, encompassing air, water, and land, and habitats supporting plant and animal life.eco-technology 生态技术eddyn. / v. 旋涡 , 起旋涡El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) (气候学 )厄尔尼诺南徊现象详析 厄尔尼诺是西班牙语El Nino 的音译。厄尔尼诺洋流南美洲西海岸海洋表面的一支暖洋流， 那时海底不再有冷的、丰富营养的海水,能引起鲸鱼和鱼类的死亡并且影响大部分太平洋地区的气候。在南美厄瓜多尔和秘鲁沿岸，海水每年都会出现季节性增暖现象，因为这种现象发生在圣诞节前后，则被当地渔民称为厄尔尼诺-即圣婴 （上帝之子）的意思。现在厄尔尼诺一词已被气象和海洋学家用来专门指发生在赤道太平洋东部和中部海水大范围持续异常增暖的现象（在海洋气象学中规定，该海域海水表层温度高出气候平均值0.5以上，且持续时间超过6 个月以上时定为厄尔尼诺出现）。The term El Nino means Christ Child and was first used by Peruvian fishermen in the late 1800 s to describe the warm current appearing off the western coast of Peru around Christmas time. El Nino, and its sister event La Nina are the extreme phases of the southern oscillation, with El Nino referring to a warming of the eastern tropical Pacific, and La Nina a cooling. 又见 L 词条中 La Nina phenomenon 拉尼娜现象emissionn. 排气（如汽车废气等） ；排放物environmentn. 环境 详析 Environment refers to the sum of all external conditions affecting the life, development, and survival of an organism. Environment Abstracts 环境文摘简称EA environmental auditing 环境审核environmental awareness 环保意识environmental benefit 环境效益environmental degradation环境恶化environmental hazards环境危机environmental lapse rate 气温垂直递减率(如由山地地形引起) environmental management 环境管理environmental threats 环境威胁学习必备欢迎下载epicentern. 震中Equator n. 赤道equatorial zone 道地区existing environmental regulations 现有环境规范条例extinct species 灭绝的物种fjord n. 峡湾firnn. 积雪；万年雪；冰原详析 Material that is transitional between snow and glacier ice. It is formed from snow after passing through one summer melt season and becomes glacier ice after its permeability to liquid water falls to zero. flood n. 洪水；洪灾food chain 食物链 详析 A sequence of organisms, each of which u