全文可编辑word文档 页眉与背景水印可删除【考研英语】2021年5月北京中科院高能物理研究所研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）第1题阅读理解Over the past decade, thousands of patents have been granted for what are called business methods. A received one for its “one-click” online payment system. Merrill Lynch got legal protection for an asset allocation strategy. One inventor patented a technique for lifting a box.Now the nations top patent court appears completely ready to scale back on business-method patents, which have been controversial ever since they were first authorized 10 years ago. In a move that has intellectual-property lawyers abuzz, the U.S. court of Appeals for the federal circuit said it would use a particular case to conduct a broad review of business-method patents. In re Bilski, as the case is known, is “a very big deal”, says Dennis D. Crouch of the University of Missouri School of law. It “has the potential to eliminate an entire class of patents.”Curbs on business-method claims would be a dramatic about-face, because it was the Federal Circuit itself that introduced such patents with is 1998 decision in the so-called State Street Bank case, approving a patent on a way of pooling mutual-fund assets. That ruling produced an explosion in business-method patent filings, initially by emerging internet companies trying to stake out exclusive rights to specific types of online transactions. Later, move established companies raced to add such patents to their files, if only as a defensive move against rivals that might beat them to the punch. In 2005, IBM noted in a court filing that it had been issued more than 300 business-method patents, despite the fact that it questioned the legal basis for granting them. Similarly, some Wall Street investment films armed themselves with patents for financial products, even as they took positions in court cases opposing the practice.The Bilski case involves a claimed patent on a method for hedging risk in the energy market. The Federal circuit issued an unusual order stating that the case would be heard by all 12 of the courts judges, rather than a typical panel of three, and that one issue it wants to evaluate is whether it should “reconsider” its state street Bank ruling.The Federal Circuits action comes in the wake of a series of recent decisions by the supreme Court that has narrowed the scope of protections for patent holders. Last April, for example, the justices signaled that too many patents were being upheld for “inventions” that are obvious. The judges on the Federal Circuit are “reacting to the anti-patent trend at the Supreme Court”, says Harold C. Wegner, a patent attorney and professor at George Washington University Law School. A、their limited value to business B、their connection with asset allocation C、the possible restriction on their granting D、the controversy over authorization【正确答案】C【答案解析】同义替换。possible= potential，eliminate= restriction。 A、Its ruling complies with the court decisions. B、It involves a very big business transaction. C、It has been dismissed by the Federal Circuit. D、It may change the legal practices in the U.S.【正确答案】D【答案解析】potential= may, change 对应着第一段和第二段之间的转折。从本段的review，eliminate也可以看出这是一种转折。全文一直没有讲Bilski case的判决的结果，而A、C都是在讲其判决结果，所以与原文相反。B是从原文“a very big deal”字面意思出发设置的干扰选项。a big deal其实在英文中的意思是“重要”，而不是“生意（transaction）”。 A、loss of good will B、increase of hostility C、change of attitude D、enhancement of dignity【正确答案】C【答案解析】本题是词汇题，一定要返回原文通过上下文解题。Because之前是说对business-method 的约束（curbs），而because之后说的是“正是联邦审判引入了business-method”，所以二者之间自然表明了是“态度的转变”。所以选C。 A、are immune to legal challenges B、are often unnecessarily issued C、lower the esteem for patent holders D、increase the incidence of risks【正确答案】B【答案解析】根据Last April, for example the justices signaled that too many patents were being upheld for “inventions” that are obvious可以得出答案。too many (过多的专利被授予了)表明法院认为很多business-method不应该被授予，所以选B，too many =often unnecessarily. A、A looming threat to business-method patents. B、Protection for business-method patent holders. C、A legal case regarding business-method patents. D、A prevailing trend against business-method patents.【正确答案】A【答案解析】第一段讲过去business method很容易被授予专利。其中第一段的最后一句话已经暗含着对这种做法的反对。第二段转折：将会用一个案例来全面审查商业方法专利。第三段：对business method的约束(curbs)是法院态度的巨大转变。最后一段明确提出reacting to the anti-patent trend at the supreme court。要注意的是原文始终没有说Bilski case的判决，因此只是一个looming (隐约地出现)的danger，而不是已经盛行的趋势。第2题【单选题】I _ four universities and was accepted by all of them. A、applied to B、applied from C、applied in D、applied off【正确答案】A【答案解析】题目意思：我申请了四所大学，并都被他们录取了。apply to 向正式申请；向要求，答案选A。第3题【单选题】Peter has a changeable character. A、role B、disposition C、symbol D、nature【正确答案】B【答案解析】character 性格，品质；disposition 性情。第4题【单选题】All plays are alike to me just as all music is alike to Tony. A、所有的戏剧对于我就像所有的音乐对托尼一样。 B、正如托尼对音乐毫无欣赏一样，我对戏剧也是一窍不通。 C、我对戏剧就像