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名师归纳总结 精品word资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -讲义 3:数词一 数词的分类 (数词分基数词和序数词)基数词是表示自然数列的词, 例如; one, two, three, four.序数词是表示先后次序的词, 例如: first, second, third, fourth二 基数词和序数词的表示法1基数词单词的拼写: 112 为单词, 1319 都以后缀 -teen 结尾, 20 至 90 这样的整十数都以后缀 -ty 结尾,其他基数词中间加连字符号“-”再根据上述的变化进行;例: 21twenty-one 56- fifty- six 85 eigthy-five三位数的构成为:几 +百+and+末两位(或末一位)数例: 132one hundred and thirty-two205two hundred and five千以上的数字的读法: 从后面往前,每三位数作为一个单位, 分别为 thousand, million.32, 548, 652, 读作:thirty two million, five hundred and forty eight thousand, six hundred and fifty two2. 序数词 =基数词 +th 1、2、3 为 first, second, third;但以下几种情形要留意:1) fifth 第五,eighth 第八, ninth 第九,twelfth(第十二)2) 以 ty 结尾的基数词变词尾为tieth例: twenty twentieth, ninetyninetieth3复合序数词只需要将相应基数词中最终一位变成序数词,其余不变;例:其次十一 twenty-first其次百四十五 two hundred and forty-fifth三基数词的用法:1 第 1 页,共 4 页 - - - - - - - - -名师归纳总结 精品word资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -1、表示计量:表示事物的计量,即事物的长度、宽度、深度和高度,应采纳基数词;如: It is 50 metres/kilometers/miles long wide, deep, high.它有 50 米/千米/英里长(宽、深、高);2、表示编号:编号的数字假如过小,可用序数词或基数词表示;假如数字较大,通常用基数词表示;如: The tenth lesson=Lesson Ten第 10 课Room 405第 405 号房Page 215第 215 页 No.14 Middle School第 14 中学Telephone NO.5855806电话: 5855806【重点】3、表示不准确的数字:基数词后面直接加上复数名词表示精确的数字,而基数词复数形式加上 “of ”表 示不准确的数字;如:five hundred students500 名同学 hundreds of students几百名同学 millions of workers成千上万的工人4、用基数词表示年龄和岁数1)表示年龄的主要句式如下:He is a boy of 10 yeas old.他是个 10 岁的男孩子;He is 10years of age.他 10 岁;He is a ten-year-old boy.他是个 10 岁的男孩子;2介词in+one stwenties thirties岁)”;表示“在某人20多岁( 30 多如: My father is in his fifties.我爸爸 50 多岁;When he was in his forties, he began to learn English.当他 40 多岁时,他开头学英语;【难点】5、表示岁月:表示什么世纪,什么岁月时,通常在数词后加s 或,s并在岁月前加冠词 the ,如 1980s(20 世纪 80 岁月), 读作: nineteen eighties.如 : His grandfather died in the 1970 ;【重点】s他爷爷死于 20 世纪 70 岁月;6、表示分数:分数的表达方式是:分子用基数词,分母用表达词;分子是one 时,母不必加 s; 分子大于 one 时,分母要加 s.如:one-fifth 五分之一two-thirds三分之二three-fourths 四分之三7、表示百分数:百分数的表达方式是:基数词+ percent(单数形式) +of+名词;如:Thirty percent of the students in my classare from cities.我班 30%的同学来自城市;About 61 percent of the surface is covered by water.大约 61%的表面被2 第 2 页,共 4 页 - - - - - - - - -名师归纳总结 精品word资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -水掩盖着;【重点】8. 有关倍数表示法两倍用 twice, 三倍以上用数词 +times, 要留意倍数在句子的位置;1).主语+谓语+倍数(或分数) + as + adj +as;例如: I have three times as old as you.我有你三倍那么大;2).主语+谓语+倍数(分数) +the size amount,length of例如: The earth is 49 times the of the is size of the moon. 地球是月球的 49倍;3)主语 +谓语+倍数(分数) +形容词(副词)比较级 +than例如: I have three times older than you.4).by+倍数,表示增加了多少倍;例如: The number of students in our class has been increased by four timesnow.我们班同学的数量已经增加了四倍;四随堂练习: 1. There are days in a year.A. three hundreds sixty-fiveB. three hundreds and sixty-fiveC. three hundred and sixty-fiveD. three hundred and sixty five 2. There are students in this school.A. eight hundreds and forty-sixB. eight hundred and forty sixC. eight hundred and forty-sixD. eight hundred forty-six 3. people visit this museum every day.A. HundredB. HundredsC. Hundred ofD. Hundreds of 4. There are two people in the meeting room.A. hundredB. hundredsC. hundreds ofD. hundred of 5. Every year watch NBA on TV .A. million peopleB. millions of peopleC. millions peopleD. million of people 6. trees have been planted in our school in the past 10 years.A. Thousands ofB. Two thousandsC. Thousand ofD. Two thousand of 7. Look. There are in the sky.A. thousand starsB. thousand of starsC. thousands of starsD. thousands of star 8. My brother is in .A. Three Class, One GradeB. Class Three, Grade OneC. Grade One, Class ThreeD. class three, grade one 9. We are going to learn this term.A. book sixB. six bookC. the book sixD. Book Six 10. Please turn to . Lets read the text aloud.A. Page TwoB. the page twoC. second pageD. page second3 第 3 页,共 4 页 - - - - - - - - -名师归纳总结 精品word资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -4 第 4 页,共 4 页 - - - - - - - - -
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