名师归纳总结 精品word资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -高一英语各种时态及表达的意义人教版【本讲训练信息 】一. 教学内容：1. 把握高中阶段的各种时态；2. 把握各时态所表达的意义，以及之间的区分；二. 详细内容（一）一般现在时； （ do/does, am/is/are, 情态动词）一般现在时表示的是客观事实或平常反复做的事情通常有频率副词always， usually ， often ， sometimes， seldom， once a week， every day 等；如： The earth goes around the sun.Japan lies east of China. He is never late for school.He often gets up at six every day.Cats can climb trees.I hear they have moved into a new house. He writes to his father once a year.一般现在时仍可以表示、支配好的，或即将发生的事，通常使用瞬时动词come， start，begin， return ， leave 等；如： My plane leaves at 6:00 a.m.Is there any meeting today. The game starts at 8:00.（二）现在进行时； （ am/is/are doing ）现在进行时表示现在或最近正在做的事情，后面一般接连续性的动词，都表示动作没有进行完；如： Look. The boy is dancing.He is watching a football game. What are you doing now.They are preparing for the exam recently.仍常与always， usually， constantly ，forever ， continually等词连用表示一种语气，“总是，老是” ，如： He is always working late.Why are you always making this kind of mistake. He is continually getting into trouble with the police.后面接暂转动词时表示正在反复的动作，或表示将来时（一般只有go, come, leave 和have）如： The monkeys are jumping.They are hitting the tree.表将来： We are going swimming this afternoon.They are leaving here.They are having an English class tomorrow.试比较：专心爱心专心 第 1 页，共 11 页 - - - - - - - - -名师归纳总结 精品word资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -He is doing his homework until his parents come to take him home. He will do his homework until his parents come to take him home.注：表示知觉、感觉、看法、熟悉、情感或愿望的动词和大部分暂转动词不能用现在进行时，如： see, hear, smell, taste, feel, like,hate, dislike,want, love, hate, want, know, forget,remember, understand, believe, suppose, mean, wish, hope, need, believe, refuse, suppose, have, fit, seem, fear, own 等（三）现在完成时现在完成时中用瞬时动词表示说话时已经完成的动作，而且这个动作对现在仍有影响，句中的时间副词主要有already, yet, now, by this time, by now等；用连续动词表示过去已经开 始连续到现在而且仍有可能连续连续下去的动作，句中的时间副词主要有thisweek, in the past/last/recent few years, since, for；如： He has already finished his homework.He hasn t arrived here yet. They have been here for ten years. He has waited here since he came.与一般过去时比较，看下面一段对话：A: Have you seen my book. I think I have lost it.B: Yes, Isee it on your table just now. But it not be there any longer.Where and when you lose it.A: I think I lose it yesterday. B: you find it.A: .Yes./No.现在完成时中的瞬时动词与连续动词的相互转化： have finished/stopped/ended have been over have started/begun have been onhave joined have been in/a member of have turned/become/got have beenhave left have been away fromhave arrived/reached/got to have been have died have been deadhave married/got married to sb. have been married to sb.（四）一般将来时； （ will/shall do, am/is/are going to do, am/is/are doing, am/is/are about to do）一般将来时表示将要发生或准备做的事情，如： He will come back in two days.When will he give the book back to me. It s going to rain.We are going to hold a sports meeting next week. They are leaving for New York.He is about to leave.（五）一般过去时； （ did, was/were,情态动词过去式）一般过去时表示在过去的某个时间发生的详细事情，一般都要有表示过去的时间状语，专心爱心专心 第 2 页，共 11 页 - - - - - - - - -名师归纳总结 精品word资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -如： He went to school by bike yesterday.We had a good time last night.He could count to 1000 when he was three. He was a teacher before.留意 ：在直接引语转换成间接引语时时间状语的变化：如： He said,“I did it yesterday.”He said he did it the day before. today that dayyesterday the/a/one day beforethe day before yesterday 2 days before last week the week before2 weeks ago 2 week beforetomorrow the next day/the day after 或 one/a day later the day after tomorrow 2 days after/laterin a week/next week the next weekin 2 weeks2 weeks after/later（六）过去进行时； （ was/were doing ）过去进行时表示在过去的某个详细时间里正在发生的事情， 如： He was reading newspaper at seven yesterday evening.The Smiths are watching TV at nine last night. When he got home, his mother was cooking.或过去的某段时间里连续发生的事情，如： I was studying English in London from 1990 to 1992.He was washing the dishes from seven o clock to seven thirty.（七）过去完成时表示在过去的一个动作之前就已经完成的动作，即过去之过去；留意与现在完成时不同的是过去完成时必需要有详细的时间状语；如： The train had left before she got to the station.They had learnt 2000 words by the end of last month. He had been a doctor for 3 years before he came here. He got back the book that he had left in the classroom. No sooner had he got to the cinema than the film began. Hardly had he got to the cinema when the film began.留意：假如两个或几个动作连续发生且连接紧密时用一连串的一般过去式即可；如： He locked the door and went away.Mr.Smith went to the market, bought some flowers and went to see his friends. He sent a telegraph home before he left Paris.（八）过去将来时； （ would/should, was/were going to do, was/were doing） 过去将来时表示在过去某时就准备做的事情，或相对于过去将要发生的事情；如： They were going swimmin