Lesson 3Nine to Five.课课文理解根据课课文完成下列表格(每空限填一词词)。.短语语翻译译把下列短语译语译 成英语语。11克服困难难_12有点儿 _13多于，不仅仅仅仅 是 _14在晚上 _15对对很好奇 _16对对感兴兴趣 _17放弃 _18以为为基础础 _19对对感到厌烦厌烦 _20寻寻找 _答案：11.overcome difficulties12.a bit13.more than14.at night15.be curious about16.be interested in17.give up18be based on19.be bored with20.look/search for.语语法初试试把下列直接引语变为间语变为间 接引语语。21The teacher said to the boy，“Open the window.”_答案：The teacher told the boy to open the window.22His father said to him，“Dont leave the door open.”_答案：His father told him not to leave the door open.23“Shall I speak to him in person？” she asked._答案：She asked whether she should speak to him in person.24“I would like an appointment tomorrow，” I said to my dentist._答案：I told my dentist that I would like an appointment the next day.25“What a silly boy you are！” she exclaimed._答案：She told him what a silly boy he was.“I never thought about going on TV because my family didnt even have one until I was in junior high school！” she explained.(教材P26)她解释说释说 ，“我没想过过能上电视电视 ，因为为直到我上初中的时时候家里才有电视电视 ！”归纳归纳 not.until.直到才She didnt turn up until late in the evening.她直到晚上才出现现。We wont leave until Tom comes.我们们直到Tom来了才会走。The problem has never been solved until now.这这个问题问题 直到现现在才被解决。提示：no.until.的特殊用法：(1)not until引导导的时间时间 状语语从句置于句首时时，从句要用陈陈述语语序，主句要用倒装语语序。(2)not.until.句型的强调结调结 构为为It is/wasnot until被强调调部分that其他。Not until the teacher came in did the boy begin to prepare his lessons.直到老师进师进 来这这个男孩才开始准备备功课课。It was not until the rain stopped that I went home.直到雨停了我才回家。另外，junior adj.低级级的be junior/senior to 比年少/长长，比级别级别 低/高He is only a junior officer to his brother.他的官衔衔比他哥哥低。She is junior to me.她职职位比我低。应应用 1.Not until the motorbike looked almost new_ repairing and cleaning it.Ahe stoppedBdid he stopCstopped he Dhe did stop答案：BI asked her how she had achieved success and she told me that being curious，working hard，and believing in what was true made her the success she is today.(教材P26)我问问她是怎样获样获 得成功的，她告诉诉我是好奇心、努力工作和忠于事实实的原则则促成了她今日的成功。归纳归纳 believe in是个动词动词 短语语。意为为“依赖赖某人，相信某人的能力、为为人或品质质，相信的存在；认为认为 好(或对对、可接受)”，后面也可接真理、原则则、宗教、党派之类类的词词作其宾语宾语 。I believe in his good character.我相信他的品德良好。I dont believe in hitting children.我不赞赞成打孩子。拓展believe v相信表示相信某人的话话；作及物动词时动词时 ，后面可接名词词、代词词、从句或含不定式的复合宾语宾语 。believe me 我向你保证证Believe it or not.信不信由你。Seeing is believing.眼见为实见为实 ；百闻闻不如一见见。Im innocent，please believe me.我是无辜的，请请相信我吧。Nobody will believe what difficulty we have had.谁谁也想象不到我们们遇到了什么困难难。应应用2.用believe in或believe填空(1)Do you_God?(2)We_our government.(3)He_doing morning exercises.(4)I_what he said because I believe in him.答案：(1)believe in(2)believe in(3)believes in(4)believeWe would look in old nests to find birdsfeathers and we would even turn over stones to look at the little creatures there.(教材P26)我们们会在旧鸟鸟巢里寻寻找鸟鸟的羽毛，甚至把石头头翻起来观观察那里的小虫子。 归纳归纳 turn over反转转turn over sb.to把某人交给给(警方等)turn sth.over to sb.托付某人负责负责 某事turn sth.over in ones mind认认真考虑虑某事The little child liked to turn over the stones to find the ants.这这个小孩喜欢欢掀开石头头找蚂蚁蚂蚁 玩。If you turn over you might find it easier to get to sleep.你若翻个身，也许许入睡会容易些。拓展turn的常用短语语：turn around/round转变转变 ，(使)转转好turn away回绝绝；把打发发走turn down关小，调调低；拒绝绝turn from side to side(把身体)转过转过 来转过转过 去turn off关掉(自来水、电电灯、煤气、无线电线电 等)turn on开，打开(自来水、电电灯、煤气、无线电线电 等)turn out结结果(是)，证证明(是)；制造，生产产turn to翻到，转转向；求助于；着手做Their talk turned to the change that had taken place in the city.他们们的话题转话题转 到了城市发发生的变变化。应应用3.副词词填空I can hardly hear the radio.Would you please turn it_？答案：upAlthough there were lots of difficulties to overcome，she never let her problems defeat her.(教材P26)虽虽然生活中有许许多困难难，但她从不让让困难难打败败自己。归纳归纳 overcome vt.战胜战胜 ，克服(overcame，overcome)Sleep overcame me.睡意征服了我。He overcame many hurdles to become a lawyer.他克服了许许多困难难成为为一名律师师。He overcame a strong temptation to run away.他低制了逃跑的强烈念头头。拓展get over克服(困难难等)Can we get over this difficulty？我们们能克服这这个困难吗难吗 ？The actress had to learn to get over her fear of the public.这这个女演员员必须须学会不怯场场。应应用4.用关系词词填空There is no difficulty_cant be overcome in the world.答案：thatShe said she chose to be a journalist because it is important that people grasp what is going on around them.(教材P26)她说选择说选择 做记记者是因为为人们们了解周围发围发 生的事是很重要的。归纳归纳 grasp vt.抓牢；理解；n.把握；理解力We must grasp the situation at home and abroad.我们们必须须抓住国内外形势势。I think I grasped the main points of the speech.我想我已经领经领 会了演说说的重点。We must grasp every opportunity of happiness.我们们必须须抓住每一次享有幸福的机会。拓展grasp的有关短语语：grasp at企图图抓到，向伸手have/get grasp of sth.理解某事out of/beyond ones grasp超出某人的理解能力；超出某人的能力in/within ones grasp在某人掌握中Success is within our grasp now.现现在成功已经经在望。This work is beyond my grasp.这这件工作我理解不了。应应用5.完成句子他从她身边边冲过过去时时，她伸手抓他的上衣。She_as he rushed past her.答案：grasped at his coatI asked her if there was any special moment that made her realise this and she replied that it was after she was asked to inspect an illegal business.(教材P26)我问问她有没有什么特别别的时时刻使她认识认识 到这这一点，她回答说说是在被要求去调查调查 一桩桩非法的交易之后。归纳归纳 inspect v仔细检查细检查He inspected the car before he bought it.他买这辆车买这辆车 之前仔细检查细检查 了一下。Make sure you inspect the goods before signing for them.要确保在签签收货货物之前进进行检查检查 。比较较：inspect，examine与scanainspect指“仔细查细查 看是否有不足之处处或不标标准的地方”。bexamine指“仔细检查细检查 身体，考查查能力等”。cscan指“细细看，审视审视 ；扫扫描”。The teacher walked around inspecting their work.老师师走来走去检查检查 他们们的作业业。The doctor examined him thoroughly.医生给给他做了全面检查检查 。They scanned the sea，looking for a boat.他们们仔细细巡视视海面，寻寻找一艘船。应应用6.用inspect，examine，scan或investigate的适当形式填空(1)You will be_on American history.(2)They_the work of the institute.(3)They had to_the cause of a railway accident that night.(4)His mother_his face to see if he was telling the truth.(5)I got out of the car to_the damage.答案：(1)examined(2)inspected(3)investigate(4)scanned(5)inspectThis paid off because she won an award for the report.(教材P26)她的坚坚持获获得了成功，因为为她的报报道获奖获奖 了。归纳归纳 pay off取得成功，得到好结结果；偿还偿还 ，解雇pay off ones debts还还清债务债务pay off some workers解雇工人With the help of a lot of people，our plan has been paid off.在许许多人的帮助下，我们们的计计划取得了成功。拓展由pay构成的固定搭配：pay back还钱还钱 ，报报复pay sth.back归还归还pay for付钱钱，为为受到惩罚惩罚 ，因得到报应报应pay sth.into将存入pay sth.out付钱钱pay up交清Youll have to pay for this.你将因此而得到报应报应 。He paid 100 dollars into the bank.他在银银行里存了100元钱钱。应应用7.用适当的介词词或副词词填空(1)How much did you pay_the dictionary?(2)You should pay_the money you borrowed from me.(3)Ill pay him_all his crimes against me.(4)Has she paid_the debt yet?答案：(1)for(2)back(3)for(4)offI discovered then that as long as I am committed and never give up I will be able to produce high quality reports.(教材P26)那时时我发现发现 只要坚坚持不懈，永不放弃，我就能写出高质质量的报报道。归纳归纳 commit vt.投入(工作，活动动等)；犯(错误错误 ，罪行)commit oneself to.投身到commit a crime犯罪commit suicide自杀杀commit an error犯错错If you commit yourself to your study，youll succeed one day.如果你投入到你的学业业中，终终有一天会成功。He committed an unforgivable error.他犯了一个不可原谅谅的错误错误 。拓展commitment n责责任，义务义务 ，承诺诺committed adj.乐乐于献身的He is totally committed to his work.他全心全意地做他的工作。另外，as/so long as引导导条件状语语从句，意为为“只要”We can quickly overcome these difficulties as long as we are closely together.只要我们紧紧们紧紧 地团结团结 在一起，就一定能克服这这些困难难。Well go out for a picnic as long as it doesnt rain tomorrow.只要明天不下雨，我们们就去野餐。应应用8.My parents dont mind what job I do_I am happy.Aeven though Bas soon asCas long as Das though答案：CI asked Junyan what she liked most about her job and she said that although there wasnt much glory in reporters existence，she found it interesting and challenging.(教材P26)我问问王君艳艳她最喜欢记欢记 者生涯的哪些方面，她说说作为记为记 者虽虽然没有很大的荣耀，但很有趣、很有挑战战性。归纳归纳 existence n存在，存活come into existence出现现，产产生bring.into existence使出现现，使产产生Many people question the existence of ghost.许许多人对对鬼神的存在表示怀怀疑。The new country came into existence in 1949.那个新国家于1949年成立。拓展exist vi.存在exist in存在于exist on靠生存，靠活下去The hostages existed on bread and water for over 5 months.人质质靠面包和水生存了5个多月。应应用9.介词词填空The old man exists only_coffee and bread.答案：on直接引语语和间间接引语语(Reported Speech )祈使句变间变间 接引语语，采用“动词动词 sb.to do sth.”的形式，其否定形式是在不定式前加not，即“动词动词 sb.not to do sth.”。表示请请求时时用动词动词 ask；表示命令时时用动词动词 order/tell。“Follow your teachers instructions，” Mother said to me.Mother told me to follow my teachers instructions.She said to us，“Dont drink this water.”She ordered us not to drink that water.提示：若未出现现受命的人，间间接引语语要交代出受命的人。He said，“Get everything ready in two hours.”He asked us to get everything ready in two hours.1He asked_for the computer.Adid I pay how much BI paid how muchChow much did I pay Dhow much I paid解析：宾语宾语 从句要用陈陈述句语语序。答案：D2“Have you seen the film？” he asked me.He asked me_.Ahad I seen the film Bhave I seen the filmCif I have seen the film Dwhether I had seen the film解析： 直接引语为语为 一般疑问问句时时，要变变成whether或if引导导的宾宾语语从句，主语为过语为过 去时时，从句用过过去完成时时。答案：D3“Please close the window，” he said to me.He_me_the window.Asaid to；to close Btold to；closingCasked；to close Dsaid to；please close解析： 祈使句变为间变为间 接引语时语时 ，主句中的谓语动词谓语动词 往往根据直接引语语的口气选选用ask(请请求)，tell(告诉诉)，order(命令)，invite(邀请请)，warn(警告)，advise(建议议)等，而直接引语语中的谓语动词谓语动词 要变变成动词动词 不定式，即ask/tell/order/invite/warn/advise sb.(not)to do sth.。答案：C4“I am a teacher，” Jack said.Jack said_.Athat I am a teacher BI was a teacherCthat he is a teacher Dhe was a teacher解析： 直接引语为陈语为陈 述句，变为间变为间 接引语时语时 用that引导导(口语语中常省略)从句，人称和时态时态 同时时作相应变应变 化。答案：D5He said，“Mother，the boy is very naughty.”He_very naughty.Asaid his mother that the boy wasBsaid to his mother that the boy isCtold his mother that the boy wasDspoke to his mother that the boy was解析： 该题该题 要注意say，tell和speak的区别别：say是及物动词动词 ，但只能是说说出的话话作其宾语宾语 ，即say to sb.sth.；speak是不及物动词动词 ，即speak to sb.about sth.；tell是及物动词动词 ，可接双宾语宾语 ，即tell sb.sth.。答案：C6“Youve already got well，havent you？” she asked.She asked_.Aif I have already got well，hadnt youBwhether I had already got wellChave I already got wellDhad I already got well解析： 反意疑问问句变为间变为间 接引语时语时 ，要变变成whether或if引导导的宾语宾语 从句。答案：B7He asked，“Are you a Party member or a League member？”He asked me_.Aam I a Party member or a League memberBwas I a Party member or a League memberCwhether I was a Party member or a League memberDwhether was I a Party member or a League member解析： 选择选择 疑问问句变为间变为间 接引语时语时 ，要变变成whether或if引导导的宾语宾语 从句。答案：C8He asked，“How are you getting along？”He asked_.Ahow am I getting alongBhow are you getting alongChow I was getting alongDhow was I getting along解析： 直接引语为语为 特殊疑问问句，变为间变为间 接引语时语时 ，用特殊疑问问词词引导宾语导宾语 从句，并将疑问问句语语序变为陈变为陈 述句语语序。答案：C9He asked me_with me.Awhat the matter is Bwhat the mater wasCwhats the matter Dwhat was the matter解析：注意该题时态该题时态 的一致。whats the matter/wrong with句型中，what作主语语，the matter/wrong作表语语，因此作为宾语为宾语 从句时还时还是这样这样 的顺顺序，而非选项选项 B。答案：D10He said，“Dont do that again.”He_me_that again.Asaid to；not to do Bsaid to；dont doCtold；dont do Dtold；not to do解析：直接引语为语为 否定的祈使句，间间接引语应语应 用tell sb.not to do sth.句型。答案：D.介词词或副词词填空根据句意，用合适的介词词或副词词填空。1My friend Lily always dreams_going to Europe.答案：of/about2Last month he succeeded in paying_his house debt.答案：off3There are so many kinds of shoes that she doesnt know how to choose _these.答案：from4The old woman believed_ghosts in the past，but now she doesnt believe the existence of ghosts.答案：in5It is reported that the new film will be_stage next month.答案：on6Children are always curious_animals.答案：about7My mother has a great love_everything in the world.答案：of/for8He didnt concentrate_his book；he just turned it _again and again.答案：on；over9Whatever difficulties he meets he always has an optimistic attitude _life.答案：towards10Dont give _ your dream on half way.答案：up.完成句子根据汉语汉语 ，完成下列英语语句子。11我非常喜欢欢周末外出散步。I _ going out for a walk at the weekend very much.答案：feel like12她比她丈夫小几岁岁。She is several years_her husband yesterday.答案：junior to13他真的连连做梦都没有想到有这这么好的机会出国。He has never_having a good chance to go abroad.答案：dreamed of/dreamt about14婴婴儿刚刚出生时对这时对这 个世界很好奇。Babies_the world when they were born.答案：are curious about15我们们都信任他，因为为他很大方并且乐乐于助人。We all_him because he is generous and is always ready to help others.答案：believe in16只要你好好保护这护这 本书书我就把它借给给你。I could lend this book to you_you promise to keep it well.答案：as/so long as17这这位老科学家一直致力于研究一种新装备备以解决现现有的问题问题 。The old scientist has_researching a new device to resolve the present problem.答案：committed himself to18当我第一次见见到我最喜欢欢的电电影明星时时我有点紧张紧张 。I was_nervous when I saw my favourite film star at the first time.答案：a bit19把石头头翻过过来，你会看到很多蚂蚁蚂蚁 。_the stone，and youll see lots of ants.答案：Turn over20我们们的计计划最终终成功了，那是个很好的主意。Our plan_finally which was a great idea.答案：paid off练规范、练技能、练速度