Lesson 3 Pub Talk and the Kings English Henry Fairlie孔旭 32Early History of BritainEarly Modern Age(1500-1800)Late Modern Age(1800-Present)BackgroundInvasions of Britain influencing languageEarly History of BritainFirst inhabitantsInvasions of BritainCeltic tribesCelticThe RomansThe Anglo-SaxonsThe VikingsThe NormansThe Romans -from the city of Rome in Italy, ruled Britain for 400 years (1st century AD) LatinThe Anglo-Saxons-from Northern Europe ,mainly Germany, conquered the most part of England (5th century AD) Anglo-SaxonThe Vikings-from Scandinavia (Norway and Denmark) (9th century AD) Old Norse（古斯堪的纳维亚语）The Normans-from Northern France , Norman Kings ruled from 1066-1485 (11th century AD) FrenchNorman Conquestin the time of the Norman Kings FrenchLatinEnglisc(Old English)CelticAnglo-SaxonLatinthe official languagethe religious languageThe language of the lower classEarly History of BritainEarly Modern Age(1500-1800)Late Modern Age(1800-Present)BackgroundEarly Modern Age(1500-1800)The English RenaissanceThe revival of classical scholarship brought many classical Latin and Greek words into the Language. These borrowings were deliberate and many bemoaned the adoption of these “inkhorn”（学究气的） terms, but many survive to this day.Late Modern Age(1800-Present)The industrial revolution establish colonies Imperialist expansion played a promoting role in the formation and development of Modern English which absorbed a great deal of foreign words. ( tea, zebra , violin)Unlike other English language, English is the history of theft of a large number of foreign terms.21 蔡奥琪单击此处编辑母版标题样式单击此处编辑母版副标题样式2021/8/611Henry Jones Fairlien1924London,England-1990Washington,D.C2021/8/611The Author: Henry Fairlie (1924-90)A British political journalist and social criticnBest known for coining the term “the Establishment, an analysis of how all the right people came to run Britain largely through social connections, he spent 36 years as a prominent freelance writer on both sides of the Atlantic, appearing in The Spectator, The New Republic, The Washington Post, The New Yorker, and many other papers and magazines.nHe was also the author of five books, most notably The Kennedy Promise, an early revisionist critique of the U.S.BooksThe Life of Politics, Methuen, 1969.The Kennedy Promise, Doubleday, 1973.The Spoiled Child of the Western World: The Miscarriage of the American Idea in Our Time, Doubleday, 1976.The Parties: Republicans and Democrats in This Century, St. Martins, 1978.The Seven Deadly Sins Today, New Republic Books, 1978.Bite the Hand That Feeds You: Essays and Provocations, edited by Jeremy McCarter, Yale University Press, 2009.nIn September 1955, in a column he defined that network of prominent, well-connected people as the Establishment, explaining:nBy the Establishment, I do not only mean the centres of official powerthough they are certainly part of itbut rather the whole matrix of official and social relations within which power is exercised. The exercise of power in Britain (more specifically, in England) cannot be understood unless it is recognised that it is exercised socially. 李丽 33Organizational patternn4 sectionsnSect. I par.1-3nThe writer puts forward the theses.n1. Conversation is the most sociable of all human activities.n2. Bar conversation has a charm of its own.Organizational patternnSect. II par. 4-11nan example to support the thesisnno fixed topic - the Kings English - Australia - Saxon churls - the language barriersnThe example has well explained where its charm lies.Organizational patternnSect. III par.12-19 more digressions (what the writer thought about after the bar conversation the night before)nPara.12-15 He gives his personal reflection on the history and meaning of the Kings EnglishnPara.16-19 By the mentioning of dictionaries and salons of 18th Paris, he reveals his attitude towards the Kings EnglishOrganizational patternnSect. IV. Para. 20-21 conclusionnThose people who ruin the conversation by trying to talk sense are just like chimpanzees who are not capable of conversation.罗海清 12单击此处编辑母版标题样式单击此处编辑母版副标题样式2021/8/622Writing stylena piece of expositionnWhat is Kings English?nWhat is pub talk?2021/8/622Writing stylenThe title of this piece is not very aptly chosen. nIt misleads the readers into thinking that the writer is going to demonstrate some intrinsic or linguistic relationship between pub talk and the kings EnglishWriting stylenWhereas the writer, in reality, is just discoursing on what makes good conversation.nHe feels that bar conversation in the pub has a charm of its own.Writing stylenThe writer illustrates his point by describing the charming conversation he had with some people one evening in a pub on the topic “the Kings English.nThe thesis - in the opening sentence of Para 1.Writing stylenConversation is the most sociable of all human activities.nThe last sentence of the last par. winds up the theme by pointing out what is the bane (祸害）of good conversation . talking sense“Writin