大学英语四级阅读专项模拟与答案In 1993. New York State ordered stores to charge a deposit on beverage 饮 料 containers. Within a year. Consumers had returned millions of aluminum cans and glass and plastic bottles. Plenty of companies were eager to accept the aluminum and glass as raw materials for new products. But because few could figure out what to do with the plastic, much of it wound up buried in landfills 垃圾填埋场.The problem was not limited to New York. Unfortunately, there were too few uses for second-hand plastic.Today, one out of five plastic soda bottles is recycled 回收利用 in the United States. The reason for the change is that now there are dozens of companies across the country buying discarded plastic soda bottles and turning them into fence posts, paint brushes, etc.As the New York experience shows, recycling involves more than simply separating valuable materials from the rest of the rubbish. A discard remains a discard until somebody figures out how to give it a second life-and until economic arrangements exist to give that second life value. Without adequate markets to absorb materials collected for recycling,throwaways actually depress prices for used materials.Shrinking landfill space, and rising costs for burying and burning rubbish are forcing local governments to look more closely at recycling. In many areas, the East Coast especially, recycling is already the least expensive wastemanagement option. For every ton of waste recycled, a city avoids paying for its disposal, which, in parts of New York, amounts to saving of more than $100 per ton. Recycling also stimulates the local economy by creating jobs and trims the pollution control and energy costs of industries that make recycled products by giving them a more refined raw material.36. What regulation was issued by New York State concerning beverage containers?A Beverage companies should be responsible for collecting and reusing discarded plastic soda bottles.B Throwaways should be collected by the state for recycling.C A fee should be charged on used containers for recycling.D Consumers had to pay for beverage containers and could get their money back on returning them.37. The returned plastic bottles in New York used to .A end up somewhere undergroundB be turned into raw materialsC have a second-life valueD be separated from other rubbish38. The key problem in dealing with returned plastic beverage containers is .A to sell them at a profitable priceB how to turn them into useful thingsC how to reduce their recycling costsD to lower the prices for used materials39. Recycling ahs become the first choice for the disposal of rubbish because .A local governments find it easy to manageB recycling ahs great appeal for the joblessC recycling causes little pollutionD other methods are more expensive40. It can be concluded from the passage that .A rubbish is a potential remedy for the shortage of raw materialsB local governments in the U. S. can expect big profits from recyclingC recycling is to be recommended both economically and environmentallyD landfills will still be widely used for waste disposal41. C 37. D 38. C 39. B 40. APriscilla Ouchidat s energy-efficient“ house turned out to be a horrible dream. When she and her engineer husband married a few years ago, they built a $100,000, three-bedroom home in California. Tightly sealed to prevent air leaks, the house was equipped with small double-paned 双层玻璃的 windows and several other energy-saving features. Problems began as soon as the couple moved in, however. Priscilla* s eyes burned. Her throat was constantly dry. She suffered from headaches and could hardly sleep. It was as though she had suddenly developed a strange illness.Experts finally traced the cause of her illness. The level of formaldehyde 甲醛 gas in her kitchen was twice the maximum allowed by federal standards for chemical workers. The source of the gas? Her new kitchen cabinets and wall-to- wall carpeting.The Ouchidas are victims of indoor air pollution, which is not given sufficient attention partly because of the nation s drive to save energy. The problem itself isn* t new. uThe indoor environment was dirty long before energy conservation came along, “ says Moschandreas, a pollution scientist at Geomet Technologies in Maryland. uEnergy conservation has tended to accentuate the situation in some cases. ”The problem appears to be more troublesome in newly constructed homes rather than old ones. Back in the days when energy was cheap, home builders didn t worry much about unsealed cracks. Because of such leaks, the air in an average home was replaced by fresh outdoor air about once an hour. As a result, the pollutants generated in most households seldom build up to dangerous levels.31. It can be learned from the passage that the Ouchidas house .A is well worth the money spent on its constructionB is almost faultless from the point of energy conservationC failed to