中级美语第24课一.本课要点及示例在这一课里, 我们还是学习被动语态. 我们要把不同的动词用在不同时态的被动语态句子里, 反覆练习. 首先我们还是依照惯例听一段对话. 这段对话的内容是说亨利跟同事南希谈到办公室的各种变动. 请你留意听两位英文老师的发音和语调.M: Whats going on around here? All the offices were changed. F: Havent you heard? Where have you been, anyway? M: I was sent to Chicago. I just got back. F: Well, a lot of changes were made last week. For one thing, Marta was transferred. M: Where is she now? Was she promoted? F: Yes, she was transferred to the main office downtown. M: I see. What about you? Were you promoted too? F: No, at least not yet. But I was given a new office. M: Its very nice. Congratulations!现在我们把整段对话再听一遍, 请你留意听.M: Whats going on around here? All the offices were changed. F: Havent you heard? Where have you been, anyway? M: I was sent to Chicago. I just got back. F: Well, a lot of changes were made last week. For one thing, Marta was transferred. M: Where is she now? Was she promoted? F: Yes, she was transferred to the main office downtown. M: I see. What about you? Were you promoted too? F: No, at least not yet. But I was given a new office. M: Its very nice. Congratulations!下面我请老师把对话里的被动语态句子再念一遍给你听.M: All the offices were changed. M: I was sent to Chicago. F: A lot of changes were made last week. F: Marta was transferred. M: Was she promoted? F: She was transferred to the main office downtown. M: Were you promoted too? F: I was given a new office.二.被动语态听了上面那些句子, 你或许已经留意到每个句子都只是提到接受动作的对象而没有提到这些动作的执行者, 比方我们不知道是谁把玛尔塔调走了, 是谁给了南希一间新的办公室等等. 其实在英文里凡是不知道谁是动作执行者,或者这点并不重要的时候就经常用被动语态来表达意思. 下面我们作一组练习, 由男老师用 某个人 someone 把刚才对话里的一些句子用主动语态说出来,接着女老师把句子改成被动语态疑问句, 你听了问句之后请你用被动语态作确定的答覆. 首先我们举一个例子:M: Someone changed all the offices. F: Were all the offices changed? M: Yes, all the offices were changed.现在我们起先作练习, 每作完一句就请你听老师念正确答案.M: Someone changed all the offices. F: Were all the offices changed? M: Yes, all the offices were changed. M: Someone sent Henry to Chicago. F: Was Henry sent to Chicago? M: Yes, Henry was sent to Chicago. M: Someone made a lot of changes. F: Were a lot of changes made? M: Yes, a lot of changes were made. M: Someone transferred Marta. F: Was Marta transferred? M: Yes, Marta was transferred. M: Someone promoted Marta. F: Was Marta promoted? M: Yes, Marta was promoted. M: Someone gave Nancy a new office. F: Was Nancy given a new office? M: Yes, Nancy was given a new office.下面我们来复习不同时态的被动语态句子. 练习的作法是老师念一个过去式被动语态句子, 接着老师念出一部份动词词组, 然后学生就把词组代换到句子里形成另外一种时态, 学生作练习的时候请你留意听.M: Several changes were made in the office. M: have been F: Several changes have been made in the office. M: will be F: Several changes will be made in the office. M: can be F: Several changes can be made in the office. M: should be F: Several changes should be made in the office. M: need to be F: Several changes need to be made in the office. M: are going to be F: Several changes are going to be made in the office. M: are being F: Several changes are being made in the office.下面我们根据刚才那个练习的作法, 一方面复习被动语态, 一方面学习一些有关办公室活动的词汇. 现在我们起先作练习, 请你在学生作练习的时候也一起作.M: Company policies were established. M: have been F: Company policies have been established. M: need to be F: Company policies need to be established. M: will be F: Company policies will be established. M: The company policies were carried out. M: are F: The company policies are carried out. M: are being F: The company policies are being carried out. M: are going to be F: The company policies are going to be carried out. M: Office workers were supervised. M: should be F: Office workers should be supervised. M: can be F: Office workers can be supervised. M: need to be F: Office workers need to be supervised. M: Office employees were trained. M: are going to be F: Office employees are going to be trained. M: are being F: Office employees are being trained. M: have been F: Office employees have been trained. M: Education was emphasized. M: has been F: Education has been emphasized. M: is F: Education is emphasized. M: needs to be F: Education needs to be emphasized. M: Business courses were offered. M: will be F: Business courses will be offered. M: are going to be F: Business courses are going to be offered. M: are being F: Business courses are being offered. M: The graduates were placed in management jobs. M: should be F: The graduates should be placed in management jobs. M: are being F: The graduates are being placed in management jobs. M: are F: The graduates are placed in management jobs. M: People with ability were selected. M: will be F: People with ability will be selected. M: are F: People with ability are selected. M: have been F: People with ability have been selected. M: A responsible worker was promoted. M: should be F: A responsible worker should be promoted. M: is going to be F: A responsible worker is going to be promoted. M: has been F: A responsible worker has been promoted.三.BY和WITH刚才我们复习了不同时态的被动语态句子, 也学习了一些新词汇. 现在我们练习用介词 by, b-y