一般现在时一般现在时 & 现在进行时现在进行时一，一般现在时的基本用法一，一般现在时的基本用法 1.表示习惯性的、反复出现的动作或状态，常用的时间状语有 always, often, sometimes; every day, now and then, usually, 等。 e.g. She often answers some personal e-mails at the weekend. 2.表示主语现在的特征，性格或者说话时的感觉状态等 e.g. She loves to go shopping with her friends. 3.表示客观事实或者普遍真理 e.g. Light travels faster than sound. 4. 表示按规定、计划等预计要发生的动作 e.g. Christmas falls on a Friday next year. 5. 在时间、条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表示_ e.g. We _(go) to the park if it _(not rain) tomorrow.二，现在进行时的基本用法二，现在进行时的基本用法 1. 表示说话时正在进行的动作或状态。e.g. Bob is sitting there and reading newspaper. 2. 表示现阶段正在进行的动作e.g. He is writing a novel nowadays. 3.常与 always, forever, constantly, all the time 等时间状语连用，表示反复发生的或者习惯性的动作，常用来表达说话者不满、抱怨、或赞赏的感情色彩。 e.g. She is always asking her mother for money. 4.现在进行时可用来表示计划或者安排要发生的动作。常见动作有_ e.g. Betty is leaving for Guangzhou by plane at 3 p.m this afternoon. 5. 注意：并非所有的动词都可用于进行时，例如： 1）表示感觉，感知，感情的动词：smell，taste, feel, love, hate, hope, prefer, wish, 等 2）表示存在状态的动词： be, exist, remain, stay 等 3）表示占有与从属关系的动词： belong, contain , have, own 等 4）表示思考、理解等心理活动的动词：believe，doubt，know, remember, understand 等 【语法专练】【语法专练】 填空 1. Stay at home. It _(rain) heavily now. 2. He _(take) a walk after supper every day. 3.-Have you started writing your report? - Not yet. I _(have) a hard time getting the information. 4. “ The exciting moment _(come) soon,” he thought to himself. 5. Youd better write down her phone number before you _(forget) it. 6. Planning so far ahead _(make) no sense- so many things will have changed by next year. 改错 1.- Ann is in hospital. - Oh,really? I dont know. I will go and visit her. 2. Search the website and you learn a lot about firefighting. 3. We were repairing our house and hope it will be finished soon. 4. I will give the books to them as soon as they will come back. 5. Jack often went to bed at 10 on weekends.一般将来时一般将来时一般将来时的基本用法 1. 表示将要发生的动作或状态，构成“will/shall + v.” 。 will 表示依据常识或者直觉做出的推测，或者说话者临时想到的意图。 e.g. You will catch a cold if you go out without your coat. 2. be going to do 表示_ _ e.g. They are going to visit the volunteers this evening. The moon is going to rise in a minute. 3. be to do 表示预先安排好的计划或约定。 e.g. They are to meet at the gate of the school. 表示说话人的意志、意图、职责、命令、义务等 e.g. No one is to leave the room without permission. 表示注定要发生的事情 e.g. Your plan _(注定是要失败). 4. be about to do be on the point of doing sth. e.g. She is about to be a new mother. We shouldnt give up. We are on the point of winning. 5. 一般现在时和现在进行时表示一般将来e.g. We will go shopping if it doesnt rain tomorrow. She is leaving early tomorrow morning.【语法专练】【语法专练】 1. Focus on what you are suppose to do every day, and you _(make) progress. 2. I _(go) to the library as soon as I finish what I _(do). 3. Oil _ （float） on water. 4. The school sports meeting _ (hold) on Sunday. 5. Look at the clouds. It _(rain).一般过去时一般过去时 & 过去进行时过去进行时一，一般过去时的基本用法一，一般过去时的基本用法 1.表示过去的某个时间内发生的事情，常与过去的时间状语连用 e.g. He went to the bank just now. 2.表示过去的经常性，习惯性的动作或者状态 e.g. He often cried when he was a boy. 拓展 _ 和_ 表示“过去常常” 。 3. 用于 I didnt know.；I thought.; I forgot.等后。 e.g. I didnt know you _(be) here. 4.当主句为过去将来时，时间、条件等状语从句中用一般过去时表示_ e.g. She said she _(come) if I _(promise) to wait for her. 二，过去进行时的基本用法二，过去进行时的基本用法 1.表示过去某一时刻或某段时间内正在进行的动作e.g. I was staying at home all last week. 2.表示另一件事发生的背景e.g. He heard a cry when he _(walk) in the street. 3.一些动词如 come, go, leave , arrive, start 等可以用过去进行时表示_.e.g. He said he was leaving the next day. She was coming to see me the next week. 现在完成时现在完成时 1.表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或者结果。 或者表示发生在过去，持续到现在的动作或者状态。 常见时间状语有_ _ e.g. They have already founded 4 companies. My grandmother has been ill since two days ago. =_2. 现在完成时的常用固定句型 It /This/ That is the first/ second.time + that 从句（现在完成时） It /This/ That is the + 最高级+ 名词+ that 从句（现在完成时）It is / has been + 一段时间 + since.e.g. 这是我第一次参观这座城市。_ 这是我看过的最好的电影。_3. 短暂性动词， 如 come,go, die, marry , buy 等的完成时不能与一段时间连用， 可转换为延续性动词。1、go_ 2、come_ 3、come back_ 4、leave_ 5、buy_ 6、borrow_ 7、die_ 8、begin_ 9、finish_ 10、open_ 11、close_ 12、lose_ 13、get to know_ 14、turn on_ 15、get up_ 16、become_ 17、join_或_ 18.make friends_ 19、catch a cold_ e.g. He has bought the books for 3 days. ( ) He has had the books for 3 days. ( )4. 比较比较 have/has been to、have/has gone to 和和 have/has been in1)have been to 意思是“_”，2)have gone to 意思是“_”，3)have been in 意思是“_”He has been to Shanghai. He has gone to Shanghai. Mr. Brown has been in Shanghai for three days. 5. 如果从句的谓语动词是短暂性动词，时间从从句的谓语动作开始算起 如果从句的谓语动词是延续性动词，时间从从句的谓语动作结束算起 请判断句意：It is / has been 10 years since he left Beijing.It is / has been 10 years since he was a doctor.过去完成时过去完成时1，定义 ： 表示在过去某一时间或动作以前已经完成的行为或存在的状态，即“过去的过去”2，结构：主语+had+done3,常用时间：bybefore +过去时间 The train _(leave) before we arrived. I _(live) in America for two years before i came here.