Unit 6Fraud and Academic DishonestyFraud and Academic DishonestyIn this unit, you willlearnabouttheconcepts“academicintegrity”and“academicdishonesty”;research “Dr. Hwang Woo Suk” on the Internet and findreliableinformation;learnwords,expressions,andsentencepatternsrelatedtothethemeandusetheminwritingandspeech;learn strategies such as listening for emphasis (listening),guessingwordmeaningsfromlexicalclues(reading),givingevidenceforarguments(discussing),andachievingcoherence(writing),etc;giveanoralpresentationonanassignedtopictotheclass.Background Information Approaching the TopicReading about the TopicExploring the TopicIntegrated ExercisesBackground Informationabout Academic Integritythe Healthpartners Research FoundationHwang Woo Sukthe Committee on Publication EthicsScience Natureabout Academic IntegrityIntegritywithoutknowledgeisweakanduseless,andknowledgewithoutintegrityisdangerousanddreadful.SamuelJohnsonThe function of education, therefore, is to teach one to thinkintensivelyandtothinkcritically.Buteducationwhichstopswithefficiency may prove the greatest menace to society. The mostdangerouscriminalmaybethemangiftedwithreason,butwithnomorals We must remember that intelligence is not enough.Intelligencepluscharacterthatisthegoaloftrueeducation.MartinLutherKing,Jr.HwangWooSukisaSouthKoreanveterinarianandresearcher.Hewas a professor of theriogenology and biotechnology at SeoulNationalUniversity(dismissedonMarch20,2006)whobecameinfamousforfabricatingaseriesofexperiments,whichappearedinhigh-profile journals, in the field of stem cell research. UntilNovember2005,hewasconsideredoneofthepioneeringexpertsinthefield,bestknownfortwoarticlespublishedinthejournalSciencein2004and2005wherehereportedtohavesucceededincreatinghumanembryonicstemcellsbycloning.HewascalledthePrideofKoreainSouthKorea.OnMay12,2006,Hwangwascharged with embezzlement and bioethics law violations after itemergedmuchofhisstemcellresearchhadbeenfaked.TheKoreaTimesreportedonJune10,2007,thatSeoulNationalUniversityfiredhim,andtheSouthKoreangovernmentcanceledhisfinancialsupportandbarredhimfromengaginginstemcellresearch.Hwang Woo SukHealthPartners is an integrated, nonprofit health care providerlocated in Bloomington, Minnesota offering care, coverage,researchandeducationtoitsmembers,patientsandthecommunity.HealthPartnerswasfoundedin1957asGroupHealth,aconsumer-governednonprofithealthplanwithaboardofdirectorsmadeupofitsownmembersandpatients.In1992,GroupHealthmergedwithMedCentersHealthPlan,andtogethertheyformedHealthPartners.In late2012 it was announced thatHealthPartnerswould mergewithParkNicolletHealthServicesofSt.LouisParkonJanuary1,2013followingfederalapprovalthe Healthpartners Research FoundationScience, also widely referred to as Science Magazine, is theacademicjournaloftheAmericanAssociationfortheAdvancementofScience(AAAS)andisoneoftheworldstopscientificjournals.The peer-reviewed journal, first published in 1880, is circulatedweeklyandhasaprintsubscriberbaseofaround130,000.Becauseinstitutionalsubscriptionsandonlineaccessservealargeraudience,itsestimatedreadershipis570,400people.Themajorfocusofthejournal is publishing important original scientific research andresearchreviews,butSciencealsopublishesscience-relatednews,opinionsonsciencepolicyandothermattersofinteresttoscientistsandotherswhoareconcernedwiththewideimplicationsofscienceandtechnology.Unlikemostscientificjournals,whichfocusonaspecificfield,ScienceanditsrivalNaturecoverthefullrangeofscientificdisciplines.Accordingtothe Journal Citation Reports,Sciences2012impactfactorwas31.027.ScienceNature is a prominent interdisciplinary scientific journal. It wasfirstpublishedon4November1869.ItwasrankedtheworldsmostcitedbytheScienceEditionofthe2010Journal Citation Reportsand is widely regarded as one of the few remaining academicjournals that publish original research across a wide range ofscientificfields.Natureclaimsareadershipofabout424,000totalreaders.Thejournalhasacirculationofaround53,000butstudieshaveconcludedthatonaverageasinglecopyissharedbyasmanyas8people.NatureResearchscientistsaretheprimaryaudienceforthejournal,butsummariesandaccompanyingarticlesareintendedtomakemanyofthemostimportantpapersunderstandabletoscientistsinotherfieldsandtheeducatedgeneralpublic.Towardsthefrontofeachissueareeditorials,newsandfeaturearticlesonissuesofgeneralinterest to scientists, including current affairs, science funding,business, scientific ethics and research breakthroughs. There arealso sections on books and arts. The remainder of the journalconsistsmostlyofresearchpapers(articlesorletters),whichareoftendenseandhighlytechnical.Becauseofstrictlimitsonthelengthofpapers,oftentheprintedtextisactuallyasummaryofthework in question with many details relegated to accompanyingsupplementarymaterialonthejournalswebsite.NatureThe Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) is a nonprofitorganizationwhosemissionistodefinebestpracticeintheethicsof scholarly publishing and to assist editors, publishers, etc. toachievethis.COPEprov