V-ing形式作定语、表语形式作定语、表语AArollingrollingstonegathersnomoss.stonegathersnomoss.滚滚石不生苔。石不生苔。Part One( (V-ing用作用作定语定语) )思考一：什么是思考一：什么是定定语？它是由？它是由哪些哪些词充当的？充当的？HisnameisTom.Theboyneedsaballpen.Thetwoboysarestudents.Its aninterestinglittleredFrenchoilpaintingTheboythereneedsapen.Thereisnothingtodotoday.Theboyintheclassroomneedsapenofyours.Thesmilingsmilingboyneedsapenboughtbyhismother.Theboywhoiswearingbluejeansismybrother.结论：定语是用来修饰、限定、说明中心语的品质与特征的，根据位置不同分为前置定语与后置定语。前置定语：主要是单个限定语(副词除外),后置定语：主要由多个限定语组成的短语形式。特例：单个形容词修饰名词或代词时，常后置。My fahter is an energetic man.(单个形容词，一般前)Thegirlasleepsoundlyismyyoungersister. (形容词短语）思考思考2：V-ing形式有几种，其用法如何？形式有几种，其用法如何？Swimming is a good sport in summer. 主主语It is no use telling him not to worry. 主主语Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us. 复合主复合主语There is no saying when hell come. 宾语They went on walking and never stopped talking. 宾语The rain prevented us from finishing the project. 宾语We are busy preparing for the coming test. 宾语Your task is cleaning the windows. 表表语There is a reading room in the teaching building. 定定语结论结论1：以上各句中的：以上各句中的V-ing形式都是形式都是动名词动名词。动名词是。动名词是既有既有动词动词又有又有名词名词特征的一种非谓语动词形式。它在句特征的一种非谓语动词形式。它在句中可以作中可以作主语主语、宾语宾语、表语和定语、表语和定语。ThestoryisThestoryismovingmoving. . 表表语TheThesleepingsleepingboyisTom.boyisTom. 定定语 ThefactoryThefactorybeingbuiltbeingbuiltnowisabigone.nowisabigone. TellthechildrenTellthechildrenplayingoutsideplayingoutsidenottomaketoomuchnottomaketoomuchnoisenoiseWeallfoundhisequipmentWeallfoundhisequipmentinteresting.interesting. 宾补SeeingSeeingtheirteachertheirteachercomingcoming,thestudentsstopped,thestudentsstoppedtalking.talking. 状状语HavingfinishedHavingfinishedhishomework,helefttheclassroom.hishomework,helefttheclassroom. 状状语结论结论2：以上各句中的：以上各句中的V-ing形式都是形式都是现在分词现在分词。现在分词是。现在分词是既有既有动词动词又有又有形容词形容词特征的一种非谓语动词形式。它在句中特征的一种非谓语动词形式。它在句中可以作可以作表语、表语、定语、定语、宾补宾补和和状语状语。结论3：动名词作定语说明被修饰词的用途或功能用途或功能。现在分词作定语说明被修饰词的现在分词作定语说明被修饰词的状态或特征状态或特征1.a swimmingpool=apoolforswimming2.Theysetupanoperating tableinasmalltemple.3.aswimmingboy=aboywhoisswimming4.amovingfilmafilmwhichismoving.思考思考3：动名名词和和现在分在分词作定作定语的区的区别结论4：现在分词作定语还可表示正在进行的动作或存在的状态1.Thefactorymaking these pensisasmallone.2.Whoisthewoman talking to our English teacher?3.Hespokeinalowvoiceinordernottowakethesleeping child.4.Welivedinaroom facing the south.结论5：有些现在分词已经转化成形容形容词词，用来修修饰饰物物表示“令令人人的的”。常见词有：exciting，puzzling，confusing，boring，touching，interesting，satisfying等。Thatmusthavebeenasatisfyingexperience.Theexperimentwasanamazingsuccess.结论6：不及物：不及物动词/词组 的非的非谓语只有只有现在分在分词形式形式1.date back to 追溯到追溯到2.consist of 由由.组成成3.belong to 属于属于4.measure vi.测量量5.remain vi.仍然是仍然是;剩余剩余1.Thelibrary_(belong)toourschoolisbeingbuilt.2.TheGreatWall,_(date)backtoMingDynasty,enjoysalonghistory.3.54.Afterthetyphoon,peoplefoundsometalltrees,_(measure)morethan10meters,lyingontheground.belongingdatingmeasuring思考思考4： 现在分在分词做做定语定语的的位置位置an moving filma burning house1.1.单个现在分词单个现在分词作作定语定语时，位于它所修饰的词时，位于它所修饰的词_boiling water前面前面ThefactorymakingshoesislocatedinZhangzhou.Theboyplayingfootballontheplaygroundismyyoungerbrother2.现在分词现在分词短语短语作定语：位于它所修饰的词的作定语：位于它所修饰的词的_，相当于定语从句，相当于定语从句。后面后面1. I have something interesting to say.2. Anything amazing is welcomed here.单个现在分词修饰不定代词单个现在分词修饰不定代词something, everything, anything, nothing等时，要放在这些词的等时，要放在这些词的_后面后面特例特例：思考思考5： 现在分在分词做做定语定语的有几种形式的有几种形式Thefilmbeing showninthecinemaisexciting.作定语的及物动词的现在分词形式为doing和beingdone。doing主主动形式形式与被修与被修饰词是主是主动关系关系正在进行beingdone被动形式与被修饰词是被动关系正在进行1.My brother is a teacher teaching in a high school.2.The building being built now will be finished in two months.3.The film being shown in the cinema is exciting.4.The girl sitting next to me was my cousin.思考思考6：现在分在分词和和过去分去分词作定作定语的区的区别a man reading booksa used book boiling water boiled water a satisfying film a satisfied boy 1.Doyouwanttoseethedoctor_(work)onthecasereportintheoffice?2.Nothing_(report)inthenewspaperinterestedhim.3.Thechild_(stand)overthereismybrother.4.The_(damage)bikewassenttotherepairman.reportedstandingdamagedworking1.Theman_(make)aphonecallisthechairmanofthecommitte.2.Thestadium_(design)lastyearisthebiggestoneinourcity.3.Theman_（stand)thereisourteacher.4.Mybrotherisalawyer_(work)inacourt.5.Thebuilding_(build)nowwillbefinishedintwomonth.6.Heoftencarefullywatchesthedoctorsinthe_(operate手术)room.7.The_(sleep)babyismysistersson.8.Todaytherearemoreairplanes_(carry)morepeoplethaneverbeforeintheskies.9.Thewoman_(wash)dishesoverthereismyaunt.10.Thequestion_(discuss)atpresenthassomethingimportanttodowithourdailylife.Exercisesmakingdesignedstandingworkingbeing builtoperatingsleepingcarryingwashingbeing discussedPart Two( (现在分词用作表语现在分词用作表语) )结论：动名名词(短短语)作表作表语,说明主明主语的的内容内容,表表语和主和主语常可互常可互换位置。位置。思考思考7：动名名词和和现在分在分词作表作表语的区的区别1.My favourite sport is jogging. = Jogging is my favourite sport.2.One of his weakness is telling lies.= Telling lies is one of his weakness.3.The math problem is quite puzzling. 4.The film being shown in the cinema is exciting. 现在分词现在分词(短语短语)作主语作主语,说明主语说明主语的的特征、性质和状态，特征、性质和状态，其其结构为主系表，结构为主系表， 主语通常是事物主语通常是事物思考思考8：现在分在分词与与过去分