阅读理解专题讲解阅读理解专题讲解-探究做题时的困惑探究做题时的困惑 情况调查：情况调查： 1.做阅读理解时无法把握全文中心。做阅读理解时无法把握全文中心。 2.材料能读懂，但是经常有两个选项不材料能读懂，但是经常有两个选项不 能区分排除。能区分排除。 3.遇到生词多，就不想继续做题。心理遇到生词多，就不想继续做题。心理 感到烦躁。感到烦躁。 4.词义猜测题无从着手。词义猜测题无从着手。 5.不喜欢科普性较强的阅读材料。不喜欢科普性较强的阅读材料。根据考纲根据考纲阅读理解对学生提出如下能力要求阅读理解对学生提出如下能力要求一、题材分析能力一、题材分析能力二、题干分析能力二、题干分析能力三、猜词能力三、猜词能力四、综合应用语言能力四、综合应用语言能力 1. 把握主题中心。把握主题中心。 2. 排除干扰选项。排除干扰选项。专题：专题： 主旨大意题的提问方式常见有以下几种：主旨大意题的提问方式常见有以下几种： 1）The general/main idea of the passage is about _ 2）The passage is mainly about _ 3）What is the main topic of the passage？ 4）What is the best title for the passage？ 5）The authors main purpose in writing the passage is to 6）The passage is meant to .第一、抓主题中心第一、抓主题中心 1. 寻找中心词。寻找中心词。2. 寻找主题句。寻找主题句。3. 综合归纳主题中心。综合归纳主题中心。怎么把握全文的结构和作者的意图呢？怎么把握全文的结构和作者的意图呢？思路方法：思路方法： （一）寻找中心词。一）寻找中心词。 方法：方法：出现频率最高的单词或者短语。出现频率最高的单词或者短语。 步骤：步骤： 1.阅读全文，找出中心词。阅读全文，找出中心词。 2.学会主动构架作者的思路。学会主动构架作者的思路。 3.注重体会阅读材料的语言特色。注重体会阅读材料的语言特色。 What is the passage mainly about _? A. It is a bad thing for us to be near-sighted. B. We cant judge the distance with one good eye C. We can see everything with two good eyes. D. We should take good care of our eyes even if we can see well .Example: When we see well, we do not think about our eyes very often. It is only when we cannot see perfectly that we realize how important our eyes are. People who are near-sighted can only see things that are very close to their eyes, Everything else seems blurry(=unclear). Many people who do a lot of work, such as writing, reading and sewing become nearsighted. Then People who are far-sighted suffer from just the opposite problem. They can see things that are far away, but they have difficulty in reading a book unless they hold it at arms length. If they want to do much reading ,they must get glasses, too. Other people do not see clearly because their eyes are not exactly the right shape. They have what is called astigmatism (散光). This, too, can be corrected by glasses. Some peoples eyes become cloudy because of cataracts (白内障). Long ago these people often became blind. Now, however, it is possible to operate on the cataracts and remove them. Having two good eyes is important for judging distances. Each eye sees things from a slightly different angle (角度). To prove this to yourself, look at an object out of one eye; then look at the same object out of your other eye. You will find the objects relation to the background and other things around it has changed. The difference between these two different eye views helps us to judge how far away an object is. People who have only one eye cannot judge distance as people with two eyes. 分析：分析： When we see well, we do not think about our eyes very often. It is only when we cannot see perfectly that we realize how important our eyes are. People who are near-sighted can only see things that are very close to their eyes, Everything else seems blurry(=unclear). Many people who do a lot of work, such as writing, reading and sewing become nearsighted. Then People who are far-sighted suffer from just the opposite problem. They can see things that are far away, but they have difficulty in reading a book unless they hold it at arms length. If they want to do much reading ,they must get glasses, too. Other people do not see clearly because their eyes are not exactly the right shape. They have what is called astigmatism (散光). This, too, can be corrected by glasses. Some peoples eyes become cloudy because of cataracts (白内障). Long ago these people often became blind. Now, however, it is possible to operate on the cataracts and remove them. Having two good eyes is important for judging distances. Each eye sees things from a slightly different angle (角度). To prove this to yourself, look at an object out of one eye; then look at the same object out of your other eye. You will find the objects relation to the background and other things around it has changed. The difference between these two different eye views helps us to judge how far away an object is. People who have only one eye cannot judge distance as people with two eyes. People near-sightedThen People far-sightedOther peoplenot exactly the right shapePeople have only one eye注意体会：注意体会：then ,other 四个四个 people 体现的并列关系。体现的并列关系。important 像这类阅读材料一般的规律是像这类阅读材料一般的规律是:（二）（二） 寻找主题句。寻找主题句。总总 总总 总总总总1.总分总分2.分总分总3.总分总总分总 Whats the main idea of the passage? A. Smoking can cause cancer. B. Smoking is a terrible killer C. Smoking is harmful to our health. D. An experiment on smoking. Smoking cigarettes is harmful to your health. Experiments show that cigarette smoking can cause cancer. Besides the most serious and terrible disease(illness), cancer, cigarette smoking can also cause other health problems. For example, it can give one a “smokers cough”. Finally, studies have shown it is easy for cigarette smokers to catch colds. Whether you get an unimportant cold or terrible killer, cancer, smoking is harmful. Is it worth it? Example： （三）综合归纳主题中心三）综合归纳主题中心 在材料中勾画所说的人物、在材料中勾画所说的人物、事件、事情、行为动词、事件、事情、行为动词、所举的例子等