风机系统节能技术1Define Process Needs风机系统应用Transport 运输Feed 进料Shape 成型Ventilate 通风Grind 打磨Heat 加热Cool 冷却Clean 清洁Dry 干燥Mix 混合2Efficiency 能效3Fan System Efficiency风机系统效率Plant Power 100%95% Left90% Left58% Left29% LeftMotor Loss 5%Drive Loss 5%Fan Loss 35%System Damper Loss 50%MotorBelt DriveFanProcess工厂总功率 剩余95% 剩余90100% 剩余58%剩余29%电机损失5%驱动损失5%风机损失35%系统挡板损失50%电机 皮带传动 风机 工艺 4Typical Plant System典型的工厂系统Input EnergyWasted EnergyProcess Needs输入能源工艺需求浪费的能源5Achieving a Match实现匹配Input EnergyProcess Needs工艺需要输入能源6Energy Law能量守恒定律Energy Cannot BeCreated or Destroyed能量既不能创造也不能消灭能量既不能创造也不能消灭7Destructive Energy无用能量Heat & Vapor 热和蒸汽Vibration & Noise震动和噪音8Dollar Costs of Destructive Energy 无用能量的经济代价Equipment breakdowns设备故障Idle workers 工人没活干More rejects 废品增加Reduced productivity 生产力下降Higher maintenance and repair costs 维修工作量及维修费增大Priority shipping charges 急件运输费增加Spoiled product cleanup and disposal 报废产品清理和处理费用Higher energy cost 能源成本提高9Human Costs of Destructive Energy无用能源的人力代价Fatigued or unhappy workers 造成工人疲乏或不舒适Workers with hearing damage 损害工人听力Disrupted family life of mechanics w/beepers 打乱了配有警报器的机修工的家庭生活Disrupted schedule 造成倒班混乱Late delivery, angry customers 迟交货，客户不满意Spoiled product mess to cleanup and dispose of 报废产品清理和处理 10Fan System Costs风机系统成本Labor 劳动力Repair 维修Capital 投资 Energy 能源Breakdown losses 故障损失Low 低Low 低Medium 中High 高Very High非常高11Quick Payback Fan Opportunities风机系统节能投资回收期短的机会Look for 寻找Fixed position damper 固定挡板Throttle control 节流控制Paddle-wheel fans 叶轮风机Poor duct connections 风管连接不当 12Fan Types and Applications风机类型及应用13Propeller Fans叶轮风机Commonly used in Low pressure, Low volume applications通常用于低压通常用于低压,小风量应用场合小风量应用场合Cooling towerWall exhaustRoof exhaustHome window冷却塔墙壁排风屋顶排风房间窗户排风Not very efficientNoisyNot able to generate much pressure效率不是非常高效率不是非常高存在噪音存在噪音不能产生太高的压力不能产生太高的压力Diagram Courtesy AMCA 该图表为AMCA版权所有14VaneAxial Fans叶片轴流风机Used where large quantities of air are needed at modest pressures用于中压，大空气流量的场合用于中压，大空气流量的场合Tunnel ventilationLarge building ventilationProcess Air隧道通风隧道通风大型建筑通风大型建筑通风工艺需要的空气工艺需要的空气Can be very EfficientCan be Variable pitch效率可以非常高效率可以非常高可变节距调整可变节距调整Diagram Courtesy AMCA 该图表为AMCA版权所有15Vane Axial fansInstall With Diffuser if Possible叶片轴流风机尽可能安装扩压器16Centrifugal Fans离心风机Can develop Relatively high pressures - 5000 Pa and higherSingle or double inletVariety of bearing and motor configurationVariety of pressure classes能够产生相对高的压力能够产生相对高的压力 - 5000 Pa及更高及更高单进气口或双进气口单进气口或双进气口可以配置各种轴承和电动机可以配置各种轴承和电动机具有各种压力等级具有各种压力等级Diagram Courtesy AMCA 该图表为AMCA版权所有17Centrifugal Fan Efficiencies离心风机效率Radial blade50-60% 径向叶片Radial tip50-65% 径向叶尖Forward curved45-65% 前曲叶片Backward inclined 55-70% 后倾叶片Backward curved55-70 后曲叶片Airfoil60-75%翼型叶片18Double Width Centrifugal Fan双宽度离心风机Can handle larger volumes of airImpeller forces balanced (no thrust)Makes ducted inlets trickier可以处理更大流量的空气可以处理更大流量的空气叶轮的各个作用力得到平叶轮的各个作用力得到平衡衡 (无推力无推力)使管道连接的进口更先进使管道连接的进口更先进Diagram Courtesy AMCA 该图表为AMCA版权所有1920Radial Bladed Impeller径向叶片状叶轮Simple to buildLeast expensiveCan handle material in the airstreamvery high pressure capabilityLowest efficiency 50-60%结构简单结构简单成本最低廉成本最低廉可以处理空气流中的物质可以处理空气流中的物质能够产生非常高的压力能够产生非常高的压力 效率最低，只有效率最低，只有50-60%21Forward Curved Impeller前曲叶轮Usually 24 to 64 shallow cup-shaped bladesSensitive to dirtVery inexpensiveCommonly found in residential air systems 通常情况下为通常情况下为24 到到 64 个浅个浅杯形叶片。杯形叶片。对污垢非常敏感对污垢非常敏感不十分昂贵不十分昂贵通常用于民用通风系统通常用于民用通风系统 22Backward Curved Impeller后曲叶轮Efficiency nearly as high as Airfoil fans9-16 Single thickness bladesCan tolerate some dirtVery similar to backward inclined 效率高，接近翼形风机效率高，接近翼形风机9-16个单厚度叶片个单厚度叶片可以耐受一定程度的污垢可以耐受一定程度的污垢具有后倾叶轮的特点具有后倾叶轮的特点 23Backward Inclined Impeller后倾叶轮Similar in performance to the backward curved impeller性能与后曲叶轮相似2425Airfoil Impeller翼形叶轮Most efficient of all centrifugal fan designs9-16 blades Self-limiting on power at high flowdouble thickness blades expensive to construct Needs clean air所有离心风机机型中效率最高的所有离心风机机型中效率最高的9-16 个叶片个叶片 在高流量是自限制功率在高流量是自限制功率双厚度的叶片，建造成本较高。双厚度的叶片，建造成本较高。 需要清洁的空气需要清洁的空气26Radial Bladed Blowers径向叶片鼓风机Blowers typically generate over 5000 Pa pressureOften single inletBasically same as a radial bladed fan except higher speed通常情况下能够产生通常情况下能够产生5000Pa以以上的压力上的压力通常采用单进气口通常采用单进气口与径向叶片风机基本相同，与径向叶片风机基本相同， 但速度更高。但速度更高。27Multi-Stage Centrifugal多级离心风机Used in tank aeration and other applications that require high pressure Can easily develop 50,000 Pa (and higher) pressureHighly sophisticated high speed machinesAvoid Surge用于槽罐的通风（加气）以及其它用于槽罐的通风（加气）以及其它需要高压力的使用场合。需要高压力的使用场合。能够轻易产生能够轻易产生50,000 Pa (以及更高以及更高的的) 压力。压力。技术先进，运行速度更高的机械。技术先进，运行速度更高的机械。防止出现喘振防止出现喘振28Aeration Tank加气池 (3.5m deep)（3.5米深）2930Positive Displacement Blower正排量鼓风机Can generate very high pressureneeds relief valveNot a centrifugal load能够产生非常高的能够产生非常高的压力压力需要安装减压阀需要安装减压阀不是离心负荷不是离心负荷31Fan Flow, Pressure Power and Efficiency风机的流量、压力、功率和效率32Fan Power Law风机功率定律33Fan Curve风机性能曲线Pressure压力压力 Flow流量流量PQ34Fan Curve风机性能曲线Fan Curve风机风机性能曲线性能曲线Pressure 压力压力Flow 流量流量PQ35Fan Power Curve风机功率曲线Power功率功率Flow流量流量36Fan Performance风机性能曲线Diagram