本文格式为Word版，下载可任意编辑风险评价中概念性模型 风险评价资料 ES/ER/TM-186 Guide for Developing Conceptual Models for Ecological Risk Assessments This document has been approved for release to the public by the K-25 Site Technical Information Officer. Date: 风险评价资料 This report has been reproduced directly from the best available copy. Available to DOE and DOE contractors from the Office of Scientific and Technical Information, P.O. Box 62, Oak Ridge, TN 37831; prices available from 615-576-8401 (fax 615-576-2865). Available to the public from the National Technical Information Service, U.S. Department of Commerce, 5285 Port Royal Rd., Springfield, VA 22161. 风险评价资料 ES/ER/TM-186 Guide for Developing Conceptual Models for Ecological Risk Assessments G. W. Suter II Date IssuedMay 1996 Prepared by the Environmental Restoration Risk Assessment Program Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831 Prepared for the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Environmental Management under budget and reporting code EW 20 LOCKHEED MARTIN ENERGY SYSTEMS, INC. managing the Environmental Management Activities at Oak Ridge K-25 SitePaducah Gaseous Diffusion Plant Oak Ridge Y-12 PlantPortsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant Oak Ridge National Laboratory under contract DE-AC05-84OR21400 for the U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY 风险评价资料 PREFACE This white paper was prepared to present guidance for preparing conceptual models for ecologicalrisk assessments, which are an important component of the Remedial Investigation process. This workwas performed under Work Breakdown Structure 1.4.12.2.3.04.07.02 (Activity Data Sheet 8304).Publication of this document meets an Environmental Restoration Risk Assessment Program milestonefor FY 95. Use of this guidance document will standardize the conceptual models used in ecological riskassessment so that they will be of high quality, useful to the assessment process, and sufficientlyconsistent so that connections between sources of exposure and receptors can be extended acrossoperable units. 风险评价资料 CONTENTS PREFACE.iiACRONYMS.ivEXECUTIVE SUMMARY.v 1. INTRODUCTION.1 2. CONCEPTUAL MODEL DEVELOPMENT AND THE RI/FS PROCESS.1 3. CONCEPTUAL MODELS OF CURRENT AND FUTURE RISKS .2 4. COMPONENTS OF A CONCEPTUAL MODEL.2 4.1 OU TYPES AND DEFAULT CONCEPTUAL MODELS.3 4.2 SOURCES.9 4.3 ROUTES OF TRANSPORT.9 4.4 EXPOSURE MEDIA.10 4.5 ROUTES OF EXPOSURE.10 4.6 RECEPTORS.11 4.7 INDIRECT EXPOSURE AND EFFECTS.12 4.8 OUTPUT TO OTHER OUs.12 5. RELATIONSHIP TO OTHER CONCEPTUAL MODELS.13 6. CONCEPTUAL MODELS FOR THE FEASIBILITY STUDY.13 7. REFERENCES.13 FIGURES 1. Generic conceptual model for a source OU. 2. Generic conceptual model for an aquatic integrator OU. 3. Generic conceptual model for a groundwater integrator OU. 4. Generic conceptual model for the terrestrial integrator OU. 5. Generic conceptual model for aquatic biota.45678 风险评价资料 ACRONYMS CERCLA DOE-OR DQO EPA FFA OU RI/FS WAGComprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act U.S. Department of Energys Oak Ridge Operationsdata quality objectiveU.S. Environmental Protection AgencyFederal Facilities Agreementoperable unitremedial investigation/feasibility studywaste area grouping 风险评价资料 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Ecological conceptual models are the result of the problem formulation phase of an ecological riskassessment. They may be thought of as a hypothesis concerning the nature of ecological risks at acontaminated site. They include the hypothesized sources of contaminants, routes of transport ofcontaminants, contaminated media, routes of exposure, and endpoint receptors. They are presented inthe form of a flow chart and a descriptive narrative. Conceptual models should be d