2022年考博英语-首都经济贸易大学考试名师点拨押题密卷（含答案详解）1. 单选题In general, the amount that a student spends for housing should be held to one-fifth the total （ ）for living expenses.问题1选项A.acceptableB.availableC.advisableD.applicable【答案】B【解析】句意:通常，一个学生花在住房上的费用应控制在可支配生活费总额的五分之一以内。考查形容词辨析。acceptable 可接受的，令人满意的；available 可获得的，可购得的，有空的；advisable 明智的，可取的；applicable 适用的，可实施的。故B符合句意。2. 单选题The reception was attended by（ ）members of the local community.问题1选项A.noticeableB.prominentC.conspicuousD.excellent【答案】B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A选项noticeable表示“显而易见的，显著的”；B选项prominent表示“突出的，显著的，杰出的”；C选项conspicuous表示“显著的，显而易见的”；D选项excellent表示“卓越的，杰出的”。根据句意“来参加这场邀请会的都是当地的杰出人物”，可排除A、C选项，prominent是指名誉和地位很突出，相比excellent语义更重，故本题正确答案为B选项。3. 单选题This（ ）to the study of diseases is technically referred to as epidemiological.问题1选项A.methodB.solutionC.meansD.approach【答案】D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。由句意可知，to the study of diseases修饰空缺处的名词，A、C、D三个选项都可以表示“方法，方式”，但是只有approach可以与to搭配表示“.的方法”，method和means后不接to。solution表示“解决方案”，与句意不符，可排除。因此，本题正确答案为D项。【句意】这种疾病研究方法在技术上称之为流行病学法。4. 单选题The crowd cheered in （ ）when the players caught the ball.问题1选项A.recognitionB.appreciationC.interactionD.participation【答案】B【解析】考察名词词义辨析。recognition “识别；承认，认出；”;appreciation “欣赏，鉴别;感谢”;interaction “相互作用”；participation“参与;分享;参股”。根据cheer 与 caught the ball 可知观众是因为球被接住欢呼，对球员表示赞赏，因此选项B符合题意。句意：当球员接住球时，观众欢呼表示赞赏。5. 单选题If a person fails to conform to conventional behavior, he is likely to be by others.问题1选项A.preservedB.instructedC.avoidedD.selected【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据关键信息fails to conform to conventional behavior可知，这种行为不合常规。那么别人有可能会因此生厌，敬而远之。词组be avoided by others表示“被他人远离（或排挤）”，最符合句意，A选项preserved表示“保护，保存”；B选项instructed表示“指示，教育，指导”；C选项表示“”；D选项selected表示“选择，挑选”。因此，本题正确答案为C项。【句意】如果一个人行为不合常规，那么别人很可能对他敬而远之。6. 单选题We are at a serious disadvantage in （ ） we have nobody properly qualified for the work问题1选项A.thisB.thatC.whichD.whom【答案】B【解析】考察固定搭配。in that 为固定搭配，意思是“由于，因为”。句意：我们现在处于非常不利的局面，因为我们没有胜任这份工作的人选。选项B符合题意。7. 单选题In general, our society is becoming one of giant enterprises directed by a bureaucratic （官僚主义的）management in which man becomes a small, well-oiled cog in the machinery.The oiling is done with higher wages, well-ventilated factories and piped music, and by psychologists and human-relations experts; yet all this oiling does not alter the fact that man has become powerless, that he is bored with it.In fact, the blue and the white-collar workers have become economic puppets who dance to the tune of automated machines and bureaucratic management.The worker and employee are anxious, not only because they might find themselves out of a job; they are anxious also because they are unable to acquire any real satisfaction or interest in life-They live and die without ever having confronted the fundamental realities of human existence as emotionally and intellectually independent and productive human beings.Those higher up on the social ladder are no less anxious.Their lives are no less empty than those of their subordinates.They are even more insecure in some respects.They are in a highly competitive race.To be promoted or to fall behind is not a matter of salaiy but even more a matter of self-respect.When they apply for their first job, they are tested for intelligence as well as for the right mixture of subniissiveness and independence.From the moment on they arc tested again and again by the psychologists, for whom testing is a big business, and by their superiors, who judge their behavior, sociability, capacity to get along, etc.This constant need to prove that one is as good as or better than ones fellow-competitor creates constant anxiety and stress, the very causes of unhappiness and illness.Am I suggesting that we should return to the preindustrial mode of production or to nineteenth-century free enterprise capitalism? Certainly not.Problems are never solved by returning to a stage which one has already outgrown.I suggest transforming our social system from a bureaucratically managed industrialism in which maximal production and consumption are ends in themselves into a humanist industrialism in which man and full development of his potentialities those of all love and of reason are the aims of social arrangements.Production and consumption should serve only as means to this end, and should be prevented from ruling man.1.By a well-oiled cog in the machinery the author intends to deliver the idea that man is（ ）.2.The real cause of the anxiety of the workers and employees is that（ ）.3.From the passage we can conclude that real happiness of life belongs to those（ ）.4.To solve the present social problems the author puts forward a suggestion that we should（ ）.5.The authors attitude towards industrialism might best be summarized as one of（