江苏省南京市三年（2019-2021）中考英语真题知识点分类汇编-完形填空&作文三完形填空（共3小题）46（2021南京）What does the word ecology mean？It was （1） by Emst Haechel，a German biologist.He joined two Greek words：oikos，meaning house and logie，meaningthe study of. Together they meanthe study of the house. ThehouseHaechel had in mind is our（2） ，Earth.Earth is home for all living things humans，animals，plants，and even tiny microbes. To study a house is to learn how its residents（居 民） use it.An ecologist is a scientist who studies the（3） between organisms （生物） and their environment.The environment is an organisms surroundings.It may （4） water，gases，rocks，and temperature. Ecologists also study the balance of using the environment while protecting it. An ecologist once asked a boy（5） he thought it meant to protect the environment. The boy said，You go into the forest and look for somebody who wants to cut down a tree.You take away his axe.You tell him about how（6） trees are.You say they are good for natural beauty，saving soil，and giving shelter to birds and other animals. Good answer， said the ecologist， （7） it may not be easy to find a woodcutter to talk to.Also，remember that sometimes its（8） to cut down a tree.If we cut down too many trees，the forest will disappear.If we dont cut down any trees，we wont get any resources from the forest.We have to find the right（9） . I get it， the boy said. We need the forests（10） for wood and paper or we might not have desks or notebooks for school. Exactlyand school is a good place to learn about ecology， added the ecologist.Then you will know how to protect the natural environment.（1）A.provedB.inventedC.markedD.accepted（2）A.planetB.buildingC.projectD.surface（3）A.feelingB.relationshipsC.distanceD.competitions（4）A.polluteB.controlC.includeD.reduce（5）A.whoB.whoseC.whyD.what（6）A.wildB.commonC.wealthyD.important（7）A.butB.andC.soD.or（8）A.comfortableB.tiringC.impossibleD.necessary（9）A.mysteryB.temperatureC.balanceD.symbol（10）A.soilB.resourcesC.landscapeD.wildlife47（2020南京） According to several recent surveys， some people fear public speaking more than anything else（1） ， this fear can be overcome（克服） with two simple methods：practice and using positive（正面的）energy from the audiencePracticing for a speech is essential（2） the task of writing the speech is complete， speakers must practice， practice， practiceThe more times they practice the speech，the more（3） they are discussing the topicUsing（4） such as mirrors or video recordings as they practice can show speakers what they look and sound like to the audienceVideo is particularly helpful as it can be（5） many times， with the presenters focusing（集中） on one part at a timeAnother（6） of dealing with public speaking fears is using the audiences positive energySpeakers need to remember that the audience wants them to（7） Something as basic as a small nod or a smile from a member of the audience should give（8） to the presenters behind the podiumWhile it is easy for nervous speakers to focus only on getting through the presentation，using the audiences（9） will（意愿）helps much in making a speech better All in all， these two strategies are sure to help with fear of public speakingWith proper practice and audience empathy（共鸣） ，it is（10） to overcome the fear of public speaking and deliver a successful speechSo there is no need to fear public speaking any more（1）ALuckilyBSuddenlyCSadlyDTerribly（2）AUnlessBAfterCUntilDBefore（3）AnervousBscaredCcomfortableDdifficult（4）AobjectsBactivitiesC signsDinstructions（5）AfoundBsoldCclearedDwatched（6）AcauseBproblemCwayDpurpose（7）AsurpriseBscreamC supposeDsucceed（8）AconfidenceBchallengeChumourDservice（9）ApoorBgoodCweakDfree（10）AnecessaryBimportantC interestingDpossible48（2019南京）Do you know that theHappy Birthday to You song is the first song sung in outer space？Apollo astronauts （1） it on March 8，1969It is one of the most popular English songs of all timeHeres the story behind it The song was written by two sisters from Kentucky，Mildred and Patty Smith HillIt was first published under the（2） of Good Morning to Allin 1893It was used as a classroom （3） Teachers sang it each day to welcome their students to the classroom The composer，Mildred Hill，was a concert pianistHer sister Patty Smith Hill wrote the original（最初的） lyrics（歌词） for the song while she was a teacher in a kindergarten in Louisville，Kentucky，where Mildred also （4） The Hill sisters copyrighted（取得版权） their song on October 16，1893However，it appeared （5） their agreement in Robert HColemans songbook on March 4，1924Coleman changed part of the lyrics to say， Happy Birt