Automobile Professional English汽车专业英语汽车专业英语SVocabulary StudySTranslation SkillsSExercisesChapter One EngineUnit 1Unit 1 Engine Mechanical Engine MechanicalUnit 2 Unit 2 EFI System EFI System Unit 3Unit 3 Engine Cooling and Lubrication Engine Cooling and Lubrication System System Unit 4Unit 4 Engine Ignition,Starting and Engine Ignition,Starting and Charging System Charging System Unit 5Unit 5 Engine Diagnosis System Engine Diagnosis System Unit 1 Unit 1 Engine Mechanical Engine Mechanical n1.Cylinder Block1.Cylinder Block nThe The engine blockengine block is the main supporting is the main supporting structure to which all other engine parts are structure to which all other engine parts are attached.Fig.1-1-1 shows a attached.Fig.1-1-1 shows a cylindercylinder block.block.It has two main sections:the cylinder It has two main sections:the cylinder section and the section and the crankcasecrankcase section.The section.The crankcase section is used to crankcase section is used to househouse the the crankshaftcrankshaft,oiloil pan.pan.Cooling passageways are Cooling passageways are built within the block.These passageways,built within the block.These passageways,also known as also known as water socketswater sockets,surround the,surround the cylinders.They allow cylinders.They allow coolantcoolant to circulate to circulate throughout the cylinder area to keep the throughout the cylinder area to keep the engine cool.There is also a drilled engine cool.There is also a drilled passageway within some blocks for the passageway within some blocks for the camshaftcamshaft.Many oil holes are drilled.Many oil holes are drilled internallyinternally so that engine parts can be so that engine parts can be adequatelyadequately lubricatedlubricated.engine engine 发动机发动机 block block 气缸体气缸体cylinder cylinder 气缸气缸crankcase crankcase 曲轴箱曲轴箱house house 安装安装crankshaft crankshaft 曲轴曲轴camshaft camshaft 凸轮轴凸轮轴coolant coolant 冷却液冷却液oil pan oil pan 机油盘机油盘water socket water socket 水套水套internally internally 内部地内部地adequatelyadequately 充分地充分地lubricate lubricate 润滑润滑 Four-Cylinder Engine Cylinder Block Four-Cylinder Engine Cylinder Block (四缸发动机气缸体四缸发动机气缸体)Fig.1-1-1Fig.1-1-1 1-cylinder block 1-cylinder block (气缸体气缸体)2-cylinder 2-cylinder (气缸气缸)3-crankcase area 3-crankcase area （曲轴箱部分）（曲轴箱部分）n2.Cylinder Liners2.Cylinder LinersnThe purpose of using a The purpose of using a linerliner is that,if is that,if the cylinder is damaged,the liner can be the cylinder is damaged,the liner can be removeremoved and d and replacereplaced rather easily.There d rather easily.There nare two types of sleevesare two types of sleeveswet and dry.wet and dry.n SealSeals must be used on the top and bottom s must be used on the top and bottom of the wet sleeve in order to keep the of the wet sleeve in order to keep the coolant from coolant from leakleaking out of the cooling ing out of the cooling system.system.n3.Cylinder Head3.Cylinder HeadnThe Cylinder head is used to hold the The Cylinder head is used to hold the valvevalves,and it has s,and it has portports to allow air,s to allow air,fuel and fuel and exhaustexhaust to move through the to move through the engine.engine.In additionIn addition,it has coolant,it has coolant passages.Fig.1-1-2 shows a cylinder head.passages.Fig.1-1-2 shows a cylinder head.After the cylinder head has been cast,After the cylinder head has been cast,some areas must be machined so that some areas must be machined so that intakeintake and exhaust and exhaust manifoldmanifolds can be attached,s can be attached,valves can be seated,valves can be seated,sparkspark plugplugs and s and injectorinjectors can be s can be installinstalled,and a good ed,and a good seal can be provided to the block.seal can be provided to the block.linerliner（发动机)气缸套remove remove 拆下replace replace 取代seal seal 密封，封条leak leak 使渗漏valve valve 气门；阀port port 孔管道exhaust exhaust 排气in addition in addition 另外intake intake 进气，吸入manifold manifold 歧管spark spark 火花plug plug 塞子injector injector 喷油器install install 安装 Cylinder HeadCylinder Head（气缸盖）（气缸盖）Fig.1-1-2Fig.1-1-21-cap(1-cap(盖盖)2-cylinder head)2-cylinder head boltbolt（气缸盖螺栓）（气缸盖螺栓）3-exhaust manifold gasket3-exhaust manifold gasket（排气歧管垫）（排气歧管垫）4-cylinder head gasket4-cylinder head gasket（气缸（气缸盖垫片）盖垫片）5-intake manifold 5-intake manifold gasket(gasket(进气歧管垫进气歧管垫)6-cylinder head(6-cylinder head(气缸盖气缸盖)7-cylinder head cover gasket 7-cylinder head cover gasket (气缸盖罩垫片气缸盖罩垫片)8-cylinder)8-cylinder head cover(head cover(气缸盖罩）气缸盖罩）n4.Piston and Connecting Rod Assembly4.Piston and Connecting Rod AssemblynThe The pistonpiston and and connecting rodconnecting rod assembly assembly transmits the power from transmits the power from combustioncombustion to to the crankshaft.Shown in Fig.1-1-3,it the crankshaft.Shown in Fig.1-1-3,it mainlymainlyn consists ofconsists of piston,piston,compressioncompression rings,rings,oil control rings,piston oil control rings,piston pin pin and and connecting rod.(1)piston:Piston connecting rod.(1)piston: