UNIT 4GASOLINE FUEL INJECTION TEXT AGasoline Direct Injection(GDI)and Throttle-by-wire PROFESSIONAL ENGLISH UNIT 3 GASOLINE FUEL INJECTION TEXT A Gasoline Direct Injection(GDI)and Throttle-by-wire Gasoline Direct Injection Mitsubishi GDI Volkswagen AGs direct-injection(FSI)Toyota DI engine Electronic ThrottleThrottle-By-Wire本次课学习内容本次课学习目标l掌握GDI系统的特点l掌握GDI系统的原理l掌握电子节气门原理NEW WORDSdrasticdrstika.激烈的，猛烈的激烈的，猛烈的GDIgasoline direct injection(汽汽油油直直接接喷喷射射)forerunnerf:rnn.先驱（者），先锋，祖先先驱（者），先锋，祖先CVTcontinuously variable transmission（无级变速器）（无级变速器）characteristicskriktristikn.特性（曲线）特性（曲线）exoticegztikn.奇异的，外来的，异国情调的奇异的，外来的，异国情调的FSIfuel straight injection燃油直接喷射燃油直接喷射layoutleiautn.规划，设计（图案），布置规划，设计（图案），布置stickstikn.棒，棍；棒，棍；v.粘住，粘铁粘住，粘铁estateisteitn.状态，时期，不动产状态，时期，不动产signaturesigntn.签名，署名，信号签名，署名，信号acronymkrnimn.只取首字母的缩写只取首字母的缩写linchpinlintpinn.关键关键NEW WORDSjusticestisn.正义，正当，公平，欣赏，审判正义，正当，公平，欣赏，审判effervescentefvesnta.冒泡的，兴奋的冒泡的，兴奋的superbsju:p:bn.壮壮丽丽的的，华华美美的的，最最上上等等的的，无无比比的的drawbackdr:bkn.缺点，障碍缺点，障碍brilliantbrilinta.灿烂的，闪耀的灿烂的，闪耀的DIdirect injected,direct injection直直接接喷喷射射crucialkru:()la.至关紧要的至关紧要的nitrogennaitr()nn.氮氮lean-burnli:n-b:na.稀薄燃烧稀薄燃烧incorporateink:preitv.合合并并，混混合合，组组成成公公司司；a.合合并并的的，一体化的一体化的liplipn.嘴唇，唇缘嘴唇，唇缘helicalhelik()la.螺旋状的螺旋状的quintessentialkwintisenla.精髓的，精萃的，典范的，本质的精髓的，精萃的，典范的，本质的stratifystrtifaiv.使成层使成层NEW WORDSpromoteprmoutv.促进，加速，激励，提升促进，加速，激励，提升vicinityvisinitin.附近，临近，接近附近，临近，接近homogeneoushmi:njsa.相似的，均匀的相似的，均匀的crossoverkrsouvn.跨越，交叉，交迭，穿过跨越，交叉，交迭，穿过throttle-by-wirertlbaiwai线控节气门线控节气门servomotors:voumoutn.伺伺服服电电动动机机，辅辅助助电电动动机机，伺伺服传动装置服传动装置ASRanti-slip regulator或或 acceleration slip regulation防滑调节装置防滑调节装置ABSanti-lock braking system防防抱抱死死制制动系统动系统takeoffteikfn.起飞，开始起飞，开始beatbi:tn.敲打，拍子敲打，拍子;v.打，打败打，打败trusttrstv.&n.信任，信赖信任，信赖limp-homelimp-houmn.跛行回家跛行回家PHRASES AND EXPRESSIONSmake up补充，修理，整理，形成补充，修理，整理，形成all but几乎，差不多几乎，差不多turbo lag增压滞后增压滞后in conjunction with连同连同一起一起volumetric efficiency容积效率容积效率VVT-i(Variable Valve Timing,intelligent)智能型可变气门定时智能型可变气门定时cruise control巡航控制巡航控制traction control牵引控制牵引控制lay down设计，制定，主张设计，制定，主张Gasoline Direct Injection Conventional gasoline engines are designed to use an electronic fuel injection system,replacing the traditional mechanical carburetion system.Multi-point injection(MPI),where the fuel is injected through each intake port,is currently one of the most widely used systems 1.Although MPI provides a drastic improvement in response and combustion quality,it is still limited due to fuel and air mixing prior to entering the cylinder.To further increase response time and combustion efficiency,while lowering fuel consumption and increasing output,systems may use direct injection.Gasoline Direct Injection(GDI)and Throttle-by-wireGasoline Direct Injection(GDI)and Throttle-by-wireGasoline direct injection engines are engineered to inject the gasoline directly into the cylinder in a manner similar to diesel direct injection engines.Direct injection is designed to allow greater control and precision,resulting in better fuel economy.This is accomplished by enabling combustion of an ultra-lean mixture under many operating conditions.Direct injection is also designed to allow higher compression ratios,delivering higher performance with lower fuel consumption.Currently,direct injection gasoline engines are being deployed throughout the world in passenger cars.Gasoline Direct Injection(GDI)and Throttle-by-wireMitsubishi GDI Mitsubishi Motors is aiming to achieve both low fuel consumption and high output.MMC is a world forerunner in the development of direct cylinder injection gasoline engines,known as GDI,which were first introduced in the 1996 Galant.GDI supplies fuel directly to the inside of the cylinder.A variety of air-fuel mixtures can be created according to changes in the fuel injection timing.Using methods and technologies unique to Mitsubishi,the GDI engine provides both lower fuel consumption and higher output.This seemingly contradictory and difficult feat is achieved with the use of two combustion modes.Put another way,injection timings change to match engine load.Gasoline Direct Injection(GDI)and Throttle-by-wireUltra-lean Combustion Mode Under most normal driving conditions,up to speeds of 120 km/h,the Mitsubishi GDI engine operates in ultra-lean combustion mode,resulting in less fuel consumption.In this mode,fuel injection occurs at the latter stage of the compression stroke and ignition occurs at an ultra-lean air-fuel ratio of 30:40(35:55,including EGR).Gasoline Direct Injection(GDI)and Throttle-by-wireSuperior Output Mode When the GDI engine is operating with higher loads or at higher speeds,fuel injection takes place during the intake stroke.This optimizes combustion by ensuring a homogeneous,cooler air-fuel mixture which minimizes the possibility of engine knocking.These two modes are represented in Figure 4-1.The piston of the GDI engine is shown in Figure 4-2.Fig.4-1 Two combustion modes of the GDIGasoline Direct Injection(GDI)and Throttle-by-wireFig.4-2 A piston o