阅读理解复习之推理判断和语篇结构推理判断的四种形式1.事实推理2.写作意图3.作者态度4.文章出处事实推断的提问形式1.We can infer(推断）from the passage that _.2.The story suggests(暗示）that _.3.We can conclude(得出结论）from the passage that _.4.The passage implies that_.4.The passage implies that_.5.From the text,we know that_.5.From the text,we know that_.解题小技巧解题小技巧 1)不选择照抄原文的选项，要选择要有同义不选择照抄原文的选项，要选择要有同义 词解释的选项。词解释的选项。2)不选事实细节选项不选事实细节选项 3)不选非事实选项不选非事实选项 4)选概括性选概括性/哲理性的选项哲理性的选项Justascryingcanbehealthy,notcryingholdingbacktearsofanger,painorsufferingcanbebadforphysicalhealth.Studieshaveshownthattoomuchcontrolofemotionscanleadtohighbloodpressure,heartproblemsandsomeotherillnesses.Ifyouhaveahealthproblem,doctorswillcertainlynotaskyoutocry.Butwhenyoufeellikecrying,dontfightit.Itsanaturalandhealthyemotionalresponse(反应).61,Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat_.AtherearetwowaystokeephealthyBcryingdoesmoregoodtohealththanlaughingCcryingandlaughingplaythesamerolesDemotionalhealthhasacloserelationshiptophysicalhealthDA stronger argument comes from research into school results.Girls grow up earlier than boys,tend to be more orderly and are likely to be better at languages.In a mixed class,boys who might do well in a single-sex class become discouraged and take on the rule of troublemaker.Certainly in the UK this situation has greatly alarmed(惊动惊动)the government for it to be encouraging co-educational schools to have some single-sex classes.In the UK the best schools are all single-sex,strongly suggesting that co-education is not the best answer.This may,however,not be as simple as it looks.It may simply be that the famous old schools that attract the best students happen to be single-sex,rather than that being single-sex makes them better schools.At the end of the passage the writer suggests that _.A.single-sex schools are the best schools in the UKB.being single-sex does not necessarily make a school betterC.co-educational schools are better for both sexes in personal developmentD.because boys cannot compete with girls in study,they go to single-sex schoolsB写作意图的提问形式写作意图的提问形式1.考查整篇文章的写作目的考查整篇文章的写作目的(1)The writers purpose of writing this passage is to _.(2)In writing the passage,the author intends to _.2.考查某处细节的写作意图考查某处细节的写作意图 (1)The writer uses the example ofto show that _.(2)The writer uses the two questions at the beginning of the passage to _.技巧点拨整篇文章写作目的通常有以下三种：(1)toentertainreaders（娱乐读者，让人发笑）常见于故事类的文章(2)topersuadereaders（说服读者接受某种观点）常见于广告类的文章(3)toinformreaders（告知读者某些信息）多见于科普类新闻报道类文化类或社会类的文章 考查某处细节的写作目标通常有以下几种:1.Questions常常是引出下文或引起读者兴趣.2.Examples常常是对文章作出解释.Earthquakemayrightlyrankedasoneofthemostdisastrousforcesknowntoman:sincerecordbegantobewrittendown,ithasbeenestimated(估计)thatearthquake-relateddeathshavenumberedinthemillions,andthatearthquake-relatedlosshasbeenbeyondcalculationThegreatmajorityofallearthquakeoccurredintwoparticularareasinhistoryItisdoubtfulthatmanwillbeeverbeabletocontrolearthquakesandgetridoftheirdamagealtogether.Butashowandwhyearthquakeshappenbecomebetterunderstood,manwillbecomemoreandmoreabletodealwiththeirpossibledamagebeforetheyoccur.Q:Theauthorspurposeinwritingthepassageprobablyisto_.A.informthereaderB.entertainthereaderC.supportatheoryD.questionatheoryA“Have you ever been out on a boat and felt it lifted up by a wave?Or have you jumped in the water and felt the rush of energy as waves came over you?”asked Jamie Taylor of the Wave Energy Group at the University of Edinburgh.“There is certainly a lot of energy in waves,”he said.The writer uses the two questions at the beginning of the passage to _.A.test the readers knowledge about waves B.draw the readers attention to the topicC.show Jamie Taylors importance D.invite the readers to answer themB作者观点的提问形式:1.Whatistheauthorsattitudetowardssbsaction?2.Whatisthewritersattitudeinwritingthispassage?3.Whatisthetoneoftheauthor?作者观点的小技巧辨认三种作者使用的表达情感、态度及观点的词汇，辨认三种作者使用的表达情感、态度及观点的词汇，以及承接上下文的连接词。以及承接上下文的连接词。表示贬义表示贬义;passive,critical,negative,disappointed.Regretful,dull表示褒义表示褒义:positive,supportive,useful,interesting,enthusiasm,admiring表示中立表示中立:indifferent,uninterested,neutral(中立中立),humor,objectiveWhyisntyournewspaperreportinganygoodnews?AllIreadaboutismurder,briberyanddeath.Frankly,Imsickofallthebadnews.Q:Theauthorsattitudetowardsthenewspaperreportingisto_.A.complainB.apologizeC.amuseD.informAOne of the most authoritative voices speaking to us today is,of course,the voice of the advertisers.It shouts at us from the television screen and the radio loudspeakers;waves to us from every page of the newspaper;signals to us from the roadside bill-boards all day and flashes to us in colored lights all night.例：例：Theauthorappears_modernadvertising.A.tolikeB.tobeindifferenttoB.C.todislikeD.toknowhowtodealwithC文章出处题的提问方式文章出处题的提问方式1)The passage is most likely to be taken from_2)The passage is most likely a part of_3)What may be talked about before the first paragraph?/after the last paragraph?4)The paragraph following the passage will probably discuss_这类问题应从文章的内容或结构来判断其出处：(1)报纸：前面会出现日期、地点或通讯社名称。(2)广告：因其格式特殊，容易辨认。(3)产品说明：器皿、设备的使用说明会有产品名