考研英语阅读理解长难句真题分析详解含译文
1. That is less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974 or 1980 . On the other hand , oil-importing emerging economies —— to which heavy industry has shifted —— have become more energy-intensive , and so could be more seriously squeezed .
结构:
· That [主] is [系] less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974 or 1980 . [表]
· On the other hand , oil-importing emerging economies [主]
· 插入语:—— to which heavy industry [主] has shifted [谓] ——
· have [谓] become more energy-intensive , and so could be more seriously squeezed [宾]
单词:
One-quarter 四分之一
Emerging economies 新兴国家
Squeeze vt.挤压 压榨 n.挤压
词组:
Shift to 转入
On the other hand 另一方面
Less than 少于
解析:
· 两个破折号之间是一个插入语,截断了主语和谓语
直译:这和1974或1980年收入损失相比不足四分之一。另一方面,转入重工业的新兴石油进口国,会变得更加能源密集型,而且可能会遭受更严重的压榨
译文:这个比率还不到1974或1980年收入损失的四分之一。另一方面,新型的石油进口国——重工业已转至这些国家——变得更加能源密集化,所以,可能遭到更严重的打击
重点:
· 两个破折号之间是一个插入语,截断了主语和谓语
2. One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that , unlike the rises in the 1970s , it has not occurred against the background of general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand .
结构:
· One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices [主] is [系]
· 表语从句:that
· 插入语:, unlike the rises in the 1970s ,
· it [主] has not occurred [谓] against the background of general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand [宾]
单词:
Excess n.过量 a.过量的
Access n.进入方式 vt.获取
Inflation n.通货膨胀
Against 在 .(背景)下
词组:
Lose sleep 失眠
Commodity-price 物价
解析:
· that引导表语从句,做is的表语,在句子中不作成分
· 连接词that和后面的句子,被一个插入语截断了
直译:另一个不要因为油价上涨而失眠过头的原因是,和20世纪70年代的价格上涨不同,这一次并没有发生在物价普遍的通货膨胀和全球性的需求过量的背景下
译文:不用为油价上涨而失眠的另一个原因是,与20世纪70年代的价格上涨不同,此次油价上涨并不是发生在物价普遍上涨和全球需求过渡的背景下
重点:
· that引导表语从句,做is的表语,在句子中不作成分
· 连接词that和后面的句子,被一个插入语截断了
3. A sizable portion of the world is only just emerging from economic decline .
结构:
· A sizable portion of the world [主] is [系] only just emerging from economic decline [表].
单词:
Sizable a.相当大的
portion n.部分 成分
词组:
Only just 刚刚才 恰好
Emerge from 摆脱
直译:大部分的国家,刚刚才摆脱经济衰退
译文:世界上许多国家,刚刚摆脱经济衰退
重点:
· Only just 刚刚才 恰好
· Emerge from 摆脱
4. The Economist’s commodity price index is broadly unchanging from a year ago . In 1973 commodity prices jumped by 70% , and in 1979 by almost 30% .
结构:
· The Economist’s commodity price index [主] is broadly unchanging [谓] from a year ago [状] .
· In 1973 commodity prices [主] jumped [谓] by 70% ,
· and in 1979 by almost 30% .
单词:
Index n.指数
解析:
· And in 1979 by almost 30%中省略了commodity prices jumped,因为这句话和前面的句子并列,所以相同的成分被省略了
直译:《经济学人》上的物价指数从去年开始几乎没有变化。1973年物价上涨了70%,1979年也上涨了接近30%。
译文:《经济学人》杂志的商品价格指数一年来没有大的变动。而1973年物价上涨了70%,1979年物价上涨了接近30%
重点:
· And in 1979 by almost 30%中省略了commodity prices jumped,因为这句话和前面的句子并列,所以相同的成分被省略了
1. In Europe , taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price , so even quite big changes in the price of crude oil have a muted effect on pump prices than in the past .
结构:
· In Europe [状] , taxes [主] account for [谓] up to four-fifths of the retail price [宾],
· so even quite big changes [主] in the price of crude oil [状] have [谓] a muted effect on pump prices than in the past [宾]
单词:
Tax n.税收
Four-fifths n.五分之四
Retail a.零售的
Mute vt.减弱 抑制 降低 消音器 a.哑的 缄默的 温和的
Pump n.泵 抽水机 vt.抽送 数值增加
词组:
up to 多达 胜任 知道
Effect on 对.作用
Account for 占.
直译:在欧洲,税收的占的份额高达零售价格的五分之四,所以,即使原油价格有很大的变动,对价格上涨的作用非常小,和过去相比
译文:在欧洲,税收占汽油零售价的比例高达五分之四,所以,即使原油价格发生很大的波动,它对价格的影响也比过去要小
重点:
· up to 多达 胜任 知道
· Effect on 对.作用
· Account for 占.
2. Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were , and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price .
结构:
· Rich economies [主] are [系] also less dependent on oil
· 比较状语从句:than they [主] were [系] ,
· and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price [表]
单词:
Sensitive a.敏感的
Swing n.摇摆 转动 v.摇摆 使摇摆
词组:
Depend on 依靠 依赖
Rely on 依靠 依赖
解析:
· Than引导比较状语从句
· And连接两个并列句,共同做are的表语
直译:和过去相比,发达国家也很少依赖石油了,所以,对石油价格的波动也不敏感了
译文:发达国家也不像过去那样依赖石油了,所以,对油价的波动也不那么敏感了
重点:
· Than引导比较状语从句
· And连接两个并列句,共同做are的表语
3. Energy conservation , a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy , energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption .
结构:
· Energy conservation , a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy , energy-intensive industries [主] have reduced [谓] oil consumption [宾]
单词:
Conservation n.节约 保护
Intensive a.密集的 集中的
Consumption n.消耗 消费
词组:
Energy-intensive 能源密集的
解析:
· 一个长短语做主语
直译:能源节约,转用其他燃料,降低重工业和能源密集型产业的重要性,减少石油消耗量
译文:能源节约,转用其他燃料,以及能源密集型重工业重要性的下降,这些都减少了石油消耗量
重点:
· 一个长短语做主语
4. Software , consultancy and mobile telephones use far less oil than steel or car production .For each dollar of GDP ( in constant price ) rich economics now use nearly 50% less oil than in 1973 .
结构:
· Software , consultancy and mobile telephones [主] use [谓] far less oil than steel or car production [宾]
· For each dollar of GDP ( in constant price ) rich economics now [主] use [谓] nearly 50% less oil than in 1973 [宾]
单词:
consultancy n.