Unit 4单元话题阅读理解专项练习 (名校最新真题) （2022·陕西·延安市安塞区高级中学高一期末）The Chicago Fire of 1871 was the worst disaster of the 19th century. The fire is said to have started one evening in Mrs. O’Leary’s barn (牲口棚) on the West Side of Chicago. Several hours after she milked her cow, it kicked over an oil lamp, and the cow started the fire. We do not know if the story is true, but we do know that the fire began in a barn on the West Side. The fire spread quickly because of the wooden buildings, a strong wind, and a dry season. The fire lasted 27 hours and spread to all parts of the city. Other cities sent 25 fire companies to help put out the fire. Federal troops (联邦军队) were also used to help fight the fire and keep order, too. At last rain put out the fire. There was a lot of damage. 90,000 people were homeless, and 18,000 buildings were destroyed. Property damage (财产损失) was almost 200 million dollars. In addition, about 300 people died. People from all over the world helped Chicago by sending food and clothing. Within a month, 4,000 cottages (小屋) with two rooms had been built. In a few years, Chicago was completely rebuilt. 1．Which parts of the city were hurt by the fire? A．The West Side. B．The South Side and the East Side. C．The North Side. D．All sides. 2．How many people lost their lives in the fire? A．90,000. B．18,000. C．almost 200. D．about 300. 3．People who stayed in Chicago after the fire showed__________ . A．courage B．fear C．weakness D．laziness 4．What helped to spread and to end the fire? A．A cow. B．Firemen. C．The weather. D．Carelessness. （2022·甘肃·民勤县第一中学高一阶段练习）Every year there are hundreds of earthquakes in different parts of the world. In September, 1923, Tokyo and Yokohama were both destroyed by an earthquake and the fires that followed it. They had to be completely rebuilt. One of the most serious earthquakes was in China’s Shaanxi Province in 1556. It killed almost one million people and caused a lot of damage. We measure an earthquake’s strength on the Richter Scale. The Richter Scale was introduced in 1935 in Southern California in the USA．It measures earthquakes on a scale of one to ten. Any earthquake measuring five or more is usually serious. The Earths’ crust(地壳)is made up of layers of rock called plates. As these plates move, they sometimes crash against each other, causing the crust to quake. In cities such a Tokyo, where small quakes happen quite often, many modern buildings are designed to be flexible(可变动的), so when the Earth moves, they move with it. Earthquakes can also break up gas and oil pipes. This can cause fires to break out, which can do as much damages as the earthquake itself. Another effect of earthquakes is tsunamis(海啸). These are huge waves created by earthquakes beneath the sea. They can be many metres high and cause great damage to coastal towns and cities. Japan, Russia and the USA have the highest occurrence(发生)of earthquakes in the world. 5．The passage is mainly about ______. A．scientists who study earthquakes. B．the way of measuring earthquakes. C．a usual natural disaster—earthquakes. D．what people should do in the earthquake. 6．Which of the following statements about the earthquake in Shaanxi Province is NOT true? A．It happened in 1556. B．It killed almost one million people. C．In caused a lot of damage. D．It was followed by fires. 7．Why are modern buildings in Tokyo built to be flexible? A．To prevent the crust from quaking. B．To stop the plates from moving. C．To measure earthquakes. D．To move with the Earth. 8．According to the passage we know that tsunamis________. A．can cause earthquakes. B．are caused by earthquakes. C．only happen on land. D．are a way of measuring earthquakes. （2021·湖南·华容县教育科学研究室高一期末）Having lived in California until 1970, my family has felt a number of earthquakes. We have been fortunate, however, to have suffered no bodily harm or property (财产) damage. There is a website that lists all California earthquakes recorded from 1769 to the present. The site lists the dates and times as well as the magnitude (震级) and the exact location of any quake that measured more than 6.0. There are only a few quakes that stand out in my memory and, luckily, none is shown in the website. So, my personal experience with earthquakes might be considered insignificant (微不足道). There are three earthquakes that are difficult to forget. The first one was in 1955 and our oldest daughter was walking with me in our backyard in Redwood City in California. As the shaking became stronger I held her to me with one arm as I held on to one of our fruit trees with the other.   All three of us (my daughter, I and the tree) shook for two or three minutes that to us felt like hours. The second one was in 1963. Our entire family was visiting Disneyland in Southern California. The earth started to shake just as we were beginning to walk from our hotel toward the famous landmark. My third experience with an earthquake was a lonely one in California. It was in