Unit 1 What’s the matter？
SectionB
知识精讲
1. Aron Ralston is an American man who is interested in mountain climbing. 阿伦﹒罗尔斯顿是一个对登山感兴趣的美国人。
（1）此处who is interested in mountain climbing为定语从句，修饰先行词man，who为关系代词。当先行词为人时，常用关系代词who或that引导定语从句，who或that在定语从句中可作主语或宾语。who或that作主语时不可省略，作宾语时可省略。
☞ Do you know the girls who/that are dancing? 你认识那些正在跳舞的女孩吗？（who/that作主语，不可省略）
☞ The man (that/who) you are waiting for won’t come. 你正在等的那个人不会来了。（who/that作宾语，可省略）
1．—Children, you should be thankful to those people ________ helped and supported you.
—We ________ , Miss Chen.
A．which; should B．whom; should C．who; will D．whose; will
（2）be interested in为固定短语，意为＂对……感兴趣＂，其后可接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语。
☞ He was interested in science when he was young. 他小时候就对科学感兴趣。
☞ Are you interested in swimming? 你对游泳感兴趣吗？
【易混辨析】 interested与interesting
interested
＂感兴趣的＂，多作表语，通常用来说明人。
He became interested in fishing. 他变得对钓鱼感兴趣。
interesting
＂引起兴趣的；有趣的＂，作表语或定语，通常用来说明或修饰事物。
The cartoon is very interesting. 这部动画片很有趣。
1．There is ______ in the film, so ______ is interested in it.
A．nothing interesting; no one B．something interested; anyone
C．interesting anything; someone D．interesting nothing; someone
2. As a mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks. 作为一名登山者, 阿伦习惯于冒险。
be used to意为＂习惯于……；适应于……＂，其中to是介词，后跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式。
☞ He is used to taking cold showers even in winter. 他习惯了甚至在冬天也用冷水淋浴。
☞ He is used to getting up early. 他习惯于早起。学科*网
【归纳拓展】
be used to sth / doing sth
意为＂习惯于……＂，相当于短语get used to。
☞ Be patient and you will be used to the life here soon.
耐心些！很快你就会习惯这儿的生活的。
be used to do sth
(=be used for doing sth )
意为＂被用来做某事＂，是动词use的被动结构。
☞ Plastics can be used to make all kinds of things.
塑料能被用来制造各种各样的东西。
used to do sth
意为＂过去常做某事＂，表达过去。
☞ I used to go to the cinema, but I hardly ever have time for films now.
我过去经常去看电影，但现在我几乎没有时间看电影了。
1．Tina ________ listen to English songs to learn English, but she ________ watching English movies now.
A．was used to; used to B．used to; used to C．used to; is used to D．is used to; is used to
2．Jim ________ ride to school. But now he ________ walking to school because he wants to keep fit.
A．was used to; used to B．got used to; is used to
C．used to; is used to D．used to; used to
3. But when his water ran out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life. 但是当他的水用尽时，他知道他必须做一些事情来拯救自己的生命。
run out作不及物动词短语，意为＂用尽；耗尽＂，主语通常是时间、金钱、水、食物等无生命名词。
☞ His strength ran out. 他的力气用完了。
☞ After a long walk, he ran out of his water. 长途跋涉后，他用尽了他的水。
【易混辨析】 run out与run out of
run out
是＂动词＋副词＂型动词短语，主语通常是时间、食物、金钱等名词。
☞ His money soon ran out. 他的钱很快花完了。
run out of
作及物动词用(＝use up)，后接宾语，主语通常是人。
☞ I have run out of my money before payday.
在发工资的日子之前我已经用尽了我的钱。
【注意】 run out of. 其原意为＂从……中跑出＂。
☞ Lots of students ran out of the classroom to see what had happened.
很多学生从教室里跑出来看看发生了什么事。
1．We should ______ coal,because the underground coal will _______ some day.
A．save；run out of B．save；run out C．produce；run out of D．produce；run out
run out of, run out
2．His water ________. He had to go home.
3．When you ________ the money, you can ask your friends for some.
4. His love for mountain climbing is so great that he kept on climbing mountains even after this experience. 他对登山的热爱是如此深厚以至于在这次经历之后他还继续登山。
（1）＂so . that.＂意为＂如此……以至于……＂，that引导结果状语从句。此句型中，so是副词，常用来修饰形容词或副词。常用句型结构为：主语+谓语+so+adj./adv.+ that从句。
☞ The math problem is so difficult that I can’t work it out. 这道数学题是如此难以至于我解不出来。
☞ The boy is so young that he can’t go to school. 这个男孩太小还不能去上学。
【易混辨析】 such. that与so. that的区别
(1)so+ adj./adv.
adj. + a/an + _________
many/few + 可数名词复数 + that从句
much/little+___________
(2)such + a/an + adj. + 单数名词
adj. + ___________ +that从句
adj. + 复数名词
【注意】 如果so. that.句型中，that引导的从句中的主语与主句中的主语一致，在否定句中可与too. to.或not. enough to.结构转换。
☞ He is so young that he can’t go to school. 他太小了，不能去上学。
=He is too young to go to school. =He isn’t old enough to go to school.
1. 那次聚会是如此让人激动以至于我永远都不会忘记它。
The party was _____________ _____________ _____________ I would never forget it.
2. 她是如此好的一位老师以至于所有的学生都喜欢她。
She is _____________ _____________good teacher _____________ all the students like her.
（2）keep on doing sth意为＂继续或坚持做某事＂，表示动作重复多次，中间有间隔，强调重复性。
☞ They kept on working though it was dark. 尽管天黑了，他们却继续工作。
☞ Don’t keep on interrupting me. 别老是跟我打岔。
【知识拓展】
①keep doing sth意为＂继续不停地做某事＂。表示动作的持续不间断、无停顿，强调连续性。
☞ Keep walking until you reach the end of the road. 继续走，知道你到达路的尽头。
②keep sb doing sth意为＂让某人一直做某事＂。
☞ I’m sorry to keep you waiting. 对不起让你久等了。
③keep sb from doing sth意为＂阻止某人做某事＂。
☞ You shouldn’t keep him from watching cartoons. 你不该阻止他看动画片。
【魔法记忆】 英语中后接doing作宾语的词(组)
完成练习值得忙 finish, practise, be worth, be busy
继续习惯别放弃 keep on, be used to, give up
考虑建议不禁想 consider, suggest, can’t help, feel like
喜欢思念要介意 enjoy, miss, mind
昨天我们坚持学习到深夜。
We _____________ _____________ _____________ late into the night yesterday.
5. —Are you OK? 你还好吗?
—No, I don’t