2021上海考研英语二真题及答案Section Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) Its not difficult to set targets for staff . It is much harder, 1 ,to understand their negative consequences. Most work-related behaviors have multiple components. 2 one and the others become distorted. Travel on a London bus and youll 3 see how this works with drivers. Watch people get on and show their tickets. Are they carefully inspected? Never. Do people get on without paying? Of course ! Are there inspectors to 4 that people have paid? Possibly, but very few. And people who run for the bus? They are 5 . How about jumping lights? Buses do so almost as frequently as cyclists. Why? Because the target is 6 . People complained that buses were late and infrequent. 7 , the number of buses and bus lanes were increased, and drivers were 8 or punished according to the time they took. And drivers hit these targets. But they 9 hit cyclists. If the target was changed to 10 , you would have more inspectors and more sensitive pricing. If the criterion changed to safety, you would get more 11 drivers who obeyed traffic laws. But both these criteria would be at the expense of time. There is another 12 : people became immensely inventive in hitting targets. Have you 13 that you can leave on a flight an hour late but still arrive on time? Tailwinds? Of course not! Airlines have simply changed the time a 14 is meant to take. A one-hour fight is now ballad as a two-hour flight. The 15 of the story is simple. Most jobs are multidimensional, with multiple criteria. Choose one criterion and you may well 16 others. Everything Can be done faster and made cheaper, but there is a 17 . Setting targets can and does have unforeseen negativeconsequences. This is not an argument against target-setting. But it is an argument for exploring consequences first. All good targets should have multiple criteria 18 critical factors such as time, money, quality and customer feedback. The trick is not only to 19 just one or even two dimensions of the objective, but also to understand how to help people better 20 the objective.1. A therefore B however C again D moreover 2 .A Emphasizes B Identify C Asses D Explain 3. A nearly B curiously C eagerly D quickly 4. A claim B prove C check D recall 5. A threatened B ignored C mocked D blamed 6. A punctuality B hospitality C competition D innovation 7. A Yes B So C Besides D Still 8. A hired B trained C rewarded D grouped 9. A only B rather C once D also 10. A comfort Brevenue C efficiency D security 11. A friendly B quiet C cautious D diligent 12. A purpose B problem C prejudice D policy 13. A reported B revealed C admitted D noticed 14. A break B trip C departure D transfer 15. A moral B background C style D form 16. A interpret B criticize C sacrifice D tolerate 17. A task Bsecret C product D cast 18. A leading to B calling for C relating to D accounting for 19. A specify B predict C restore D create 20. A modify Breview C present Dachieve参考答案： 1.B however 2.A Emphasize 3. D quickly 4. C check 5. B ignored 6. A punctuality 7. BSo 8. C rewarded 9. D also 10.B revenue 11.C cautious 12.B problem 13.D noticed 14. B trip 15.B background 16.C sacrifice 17.D cost 18. C relating to 19.Aspecify 20. D achieveSection II Reading Comprehension Part A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points) Text 1Reskilling is something that sounds like a buzzword but is actually a requirement if we plan to have a future where a lot of would-be workers do not get left behind. We know we are moving into a period where the jobs in demand will change rapidly, as will the requirements of the jobs that remain Research by the WEF detailed in the Harvard Business Review, finds that on average 42 percent of the “core skills within job roles will change by 2022. That is a very short timeline, so we can only imagine what the changes will be further in the future.The question of who should pay for reskilling is a thorny one. For individual companies, the temptation is always to let go of workers whose skills are no longer in demand and replace them with those whose skills are. That does not always happen. AT&T is often given as the gold standard of a company who decided to do a massive reskilling program rather than go with a fire-and-hire strategy. Other companies had also pledged to create thei