I am TomI am Tom1/140简单句简单句概念概念：只有一个主谓结构，且句子各个成：只有一个主谓结构，且句子各个成 分都只有单词、词组或短语充当句子叫简单分都只有单词、词组或短语充当句子叫简单句。句。2/140简单句五种基本句型简单句五种基本句型n主语+谓语（不及物动词）+（状语）eg:A bird can fly .鸟会飞鸟会飞n主语+谓语（连系动词）+表语 eg:she is away from home.她不在家她不在家n主语+谓语（及物动词）+宾语 eg:I love you.我爱你我爱你n主语+谓语（及物动词）+双宾（间接宾语和直接宾语）3/140 egeg:He shows me his passport.他把护照给我看他把护照给我看主语主语+谓语（及物动词）谓语（及物动词）+宾语宾语+宾语补足语宾语补足语 eg:I wish all of you happy.eg:I wish all of you happy.我祝你们大家幸福我祝你们大家幸福 4/140主系表结构主系表结构l主语主语(Subject)主语是一句话中心，表示所说是什么，其位置普通放在句首，英语中主语普通不省略。主语主要由名词、动名词、代词或起名词作用短语货从句来充当。eg:Li Lei is a Chinese boy.(Li lei 是名词，作主语)eg:He is from England.(He是代词，作主语)l系动词系动词(Link verb)简单说，将主语和表语联络在一起，并组成一个5/140系动词系动词是联络动词简称，顾名思义，它是起到联络作用动词，是连接主语和表语。系动词数量是有限，常见只有十来个，我们把它们分成四组，这么有利于我们记忆系动词：一、be动词类：am、is、are、was、were 二、表示改变类：become、get、turn、grow、go 三、感官动词类:眼（look）耳(sound)鼻(smell)舌(taste)身(feel)四、表示延续性动词：remain、stay、keep 6/140 完整句子动词叫做系动词。当前学到系动词有：Be、feel、look、sound、taste、seem、smell.eg:This flower isis beautiful.eg:I feltfelt very tired.eg:You looklook worried.7/140l表语表语（predicative）表语是用来修饰主语，说明主语身份、性质、品性、特征和状态，表语位于系动词之后。eg:I am fine.He is a boy.We are here.He is not at home.8/140YI m(not)tenAre you ten?Yes,I am./No,I m not.Youre(not)lateAm I late?Yes,you are./No,youre not.He(She,It)is(not)hereIs he here?Yes,he is./No,he isntWere(not)students Are you students?Yes,we are./No,we arentYoure(not)right.Are we right?Yes,you are./No,you arent.Theyre(not)at homeAre they at home?Yes,they are./No,they arent.9/140口诀口诀我跟am你跟are,is连着他她它，单数主语跟is,复数主语全跟are,变疑问，be提前，句末问号别忘记，变否定，更轻易，be加not要切记。10/140代词代词(1)-(1)-人称代词人称代词人称代词 I you he she it we you they11/140Lesson 2Lesson 2 My name is Tom12/140词类词类词类词类英文名称英文名称作用及意义作用及意义例词例词名词noun(n.)表示人或事物名称Tom,pen,class,work,water代词pronoun(pron.)代替名词、数词等 I,me,mine,this,both 形容词adjective(a.)表示人或事物特征good,tall,red,young 副词adverb(ad.)表示动作等特征Very,hard,slowly 数词numeral(num.)表示数目或次序One,first,fifth动词verb(v.)表示动作或状态is,do,have,get,sing,ask 冠词article(art.)用在名词前说明意义a,an,the 介词preposition(prep.)说明词与词关系at,in,on,behind 连词conjunction(conj.)连接词与词或句与句and,but,or,so 感叹词interjection(interj.)表示感情或口气hi,hello,oh 13/140代词（代词（2 2）-物主代物主代词词人称人称代词代词Iyouhesheitweyou they物主物主代词代词myyourhisheritsouryourtheir14/140Lesson 3Lesson 3 These are books15/140主系表结构（主系表结构（2 2）-These are This is(not)a book.Is this a book?Yes,it is.No,It isnt.That is(not)a pen.Is that a pen?Yes,it is.No,it isnt.These are(not)books.Are these books?Yes,they are.No,they arent.Those are(not)pens.Are those pens?Yes,they are.No,they arent.16/140注意：注意：1.主语为主语为this 或或that普通疑问句，答句中普通疑问句，答句中主语要用主语要用it 而不用而不用this 或或that.2.主语为主语为these 或或those普通疑问句，答普通疑问句，答句中主语要用句中主语要用they而不用而不用these或或those.17/140选择疑问句选择疑问句 1.选择疑问句不可用选择疑问句不可用Yes或或No回答，其它选择选择两个部分回答，其它选择选择两个部分语法成份必须相同语法成份必须相同.Is he tall or short?He is short.3.选择疑问句是由选择疑问句是由or连接连接.18/1402.选择疑问句语气是前升后选择疑问句语气是前升后 降降.Is he tall or short?3.选择疑问句是由选择疑问句是由or连接连接.Is he tall or short?19/140Is he tall or short?He is short.Is this your pen or her pen?Its her pen.Are you eleven or twelve?I am twelve.Are these bikes old or new?They are new.20/140练习题练习题一、主系表结构（用主系表结构（用am,is,are am,is,are 填空）填空）1.That banana _ yellow.2.What _ these?“Theyre sheep.”3.The child _ in the room.4._these your oranges?Yes,they _ .5.I _ seven years old.areisisAreaream21/140二、按要求完成句子按要求完成句子.1.This is an apple.(变为复数)2.Those apples are red.(变为否定句)3.These books are new.(变为普通疑 问句)These are apples.Those apples are not red.Are these books new?22/140 4.Are these bananas?(作必定回答)5.They are cups.（对划线部分提问）Yes,they are.What are they?23/140三、选择疑问句选择疑问句.1.Is she thin or fat?(用fat作答)2.Is the bay(海峡)new or old?(用new作答)3.你英语老师老还是年轻？你英语老师老还是年轻？She is fat.The bay is new.Is your English teacher young or old?24/140 4.Those are hens.(用ducks改为选择疑问句)5.Is your father tall or short?(用short作答)Are those hens or ducks?He is short.25/140Lesson 4Lesson 4 Those are buses26/140名词（名词（2 2）-名词复数名词复数n名词词尾加名词词尾加s单词情况单词情况组成例句例句普通情况直接加直接加sbookbooks pig-pigs tree-treess,x,sh ,ch 结尾结尾加加esbox-boxes bus-buses辅音字母加辅音字母加y 结尾结尾y变变 i再加再加escity-citieso结尾结尾加加sphoto-photos tomato-tomatoes加加esf(fe)结尾结尾f(fe)变vesknife-knives27/140普通规则名词复数普通规则名词复数普通规则名词，只需在该名词后加普通规则名词，只需在该名词后加s,即即组成复数。组成复数。1.清辅音音素结尾s,读/s/:deskdesks 2.浊辅音音素结尾s,读/z/:bedbeds 3.元音音素结尾s,读/z/:playplays28/140特殊规则名词复数u1.以/s/、/z/、/、/、/等读音结尾名词，加（e）s组成复数，读/.classclasses dishdishesu 2.以“辅音字母+y”结尾名词变y为 i,再加 es,读作/z/.babybabies storystoriesu 3.以字母o结尾名词变复数.有加s,zoozoos bamboo-bamboos 29/140 photo-photos kilo-kilos piano-pianos video-videos radio-radios kangaroo-kangaroos有加 es,hero-heroes potato-potatoes tomato-tomatoes 英雄爱吃西红柿和土豆。英雄爱吃西红柿和土豆。注意：注意：不论加s还是es,都读作/z/.30/140特殊名词单、复数特殊名词单、复数 1.单、复数同行单、复数同行 deer(鹿)、sheep、fish、Chinese Japanese 2.只用作复数只用作复数 people(人们)police(警察)cattle(牛群)a people(民族)3.不规则改变不规则改变 manmen woman-women foot-feet child-children tooth-teeth mouse-mice 31/140练习题一、依据汉语完成句子，每空一词。一、依据汉语完成句子，每空一词。1._(谁)are the men under the tree?_（他们）are our teachers.2.Those are not _(你)shoes._(他们)are Toms.3.These are _(他们)books._(你们)books are there.4.This is _(我们)teacher.WhoTheyTheyyouryourTheytheirYourOur32/140 _(她)is from Ameri