考研英语真题长难句解析结构分析含译文考前冲刺版Early promises to end Indian tribute and taxes on people of mixed origin came much slower because the new nations still needed the revenue such policies produced.词汇突破:tribute trbjutn. 礼物；税收 贡物；颂词；（尤指对死者的）致敬，悼念，吊唁礼物revenue revnun. 税收收入；财政收入；收益结构分析:本句的主干是 Early promises came much slower。to 引导的是不定式短语作后置定语，修饰promises。because引导原因状语从句，该从句中 such policies produced 是定语从句，修饰 revenue。参考译文:早期关于停止向混血儿进贡和征税的承诺姗姗来迟，因为新国家仍然需要这些政策带来的收入。Generally there was a belief that the new nations should be sovereign and independent states, large enough to be economically viable and integrated by a common set of laws.词汇突破：sovereign svrnn. 君主；独立国；金磅adj. 至高无上的；有主权的；拥有最高统治权的；不折不扣的；有效的integrate ntretvt. 使完整；使成整体；求的积分；表示的总和vi. 求积分；取消隔离；成为一体adj. 整合的；完全的n. 一体化；集成体结构分析：句子的主干是 there was a belief，Generally 放句首是状语，belief 后面是一个that 引导的同位语从句，说明 belief 的具体内容。sovereign and independent states 作 the new nations should be 的表语，states 后面有两个并列的补语 large enough to be economically viable 和 integrated by a common set of laws 来补足说明 that 从句中的主语 the new nations。参考译文：一般来说，人们认为新成立的国家应该是主权独立的国家，足够大，在经济上可行，并通过一套共同的法律来整合。Born in the crisis of the old regime and Iberian Colonialism, many of the leaders of independence shared the ideals of representative government, careers open to talent, freedom of commerce and trade, the right to private property, and a belief in the individual as the basis of society.词汇突破：regime reimn. 政权，政体；社会制度；管理体制Colonialism klonilzmn. 殖民主义；殖民政策representative reprzenttvadj. 典型的，有代表性的；代议制的；表现的，体现的；与表象有关的n. 代表；典型；众议员；销售代表结构分析：本句的主干是 many of the leaders of independence shared the ideals. and a belief.。born 开头的短句是过去分词结构作伴随状语，修饰 many of the leaders。shared 后包含由 and 连接的并列宾语，即 the ideals 和 a belief。the ideals of 后面又跟了四个并列的定语。参考译文：出生在旧政权和伊比利亚殖民主义的危机中，许多独立领袖都有代议制政府的理想，职业开放，商业和贸易的自由，私有财产的权利，以及个人作为社会基础的信念。Darwin was convinced that the loss of these tastes was not only a loss of happiness, but might possibly be injurious to the intellect, and more probably to the moral character.词汇突破:injurious ndrisadj. 有害的；诽谤的intellect ntlektn. 智力，理解力；思维逻辑领悟力；智力高的人moral mrladj. 道德的；精神上的；品性端正的n. 道德；寓意结构分析:本句主干结构是：Darwin (主语) + was convinced (谓语) + that 引导的宾语从句。宾语从句有 not only. but. 引导的并列结构：the loss of these tastes (主语) + not only was + but might be。其中 and more probably to. 又和 be injurious to. 形成并列成分。参考译文:达尔文认为，失去这些爱好不仅是失去了快乐，而且可能损害智力，更可能损害道德品质。