附录 Numerical simulation of non-needle syringe and AnalysisZhengrong Cui and Russell J. MumperAbstract : The CFD Fluent software without the work of the syringe needle to simulate the entire process, the liquid injection pipe pressure and the liquid jet-driven changes of speed. Simulation of the liquid jet in the air in the evolution process, as well as the jet penetrates the skin, the skin layer and subcutaneous layer of the whole process of proliferation. Qualitative numerical results and experimental results. Key words: non-needle syringe; liquid jet; skin; puncture1 Introduction Needle-free injection device refers to the use of mechanical high-pressure generated by instantaneous asked to promote the Pharmacy (liquid or freeze-dried powder) through a micron-sized nozzles to form a high-speed jet, instead of needles to penetrate the skin into the subcutaneous tissue. No needle injections with no pain, no cross-infection, the advantages of ease of use. Needle-free injection technology to avoid acid, enzyme destruction of drug absorption and stratum corneum skin barrier breakthrough, no first-pass effect, with higher bioavailability, applied to local anesthetics, analgesics, cardiovascular drugs, anti-tumor, anti-hepatitis drug, such as various types of drugs, especially for the acid, enzyme instability of biological macromolecules drugs injection to replace the ordinary local or systemic drug delivery for a wide range of disease prevention and treatment. The rapid absorption of the ordinary injection, high bioavailability, instability in the gastrointestinal tract, significant first-pass effect of the drug is often the only option, but the injection means of delivery will inevitably have to reduce tissue injury in patients with compliance, the use of the inconvenience and there is the risk of cross infection. To this end, a large number of researchers in pharmaceutical preparations into the ways non-injection drug delivery systems of the study, an attempt to resolve the instability of drugs, especially bio-pharmaceutics drugs bottleneck. Syringe without needle, such as by Hingson developed in 1937, the first time in 1941 for the vaccine and the injection of insulin. Since then the needle free syringe research and development and application development by leaps and bounds. Needle-free injection solution to penetrate the skin depth depends on the pinhole diameter and the main exports of the two parameters of jet velocity. These two parameters of the experimental research and theoretical analysis, as well as non-needle syringe Numerical Study of Fluid Dynamics on the performance of non-needle syringe to improve and optimize the design of great significance. In this paper, CFD Fluent software work on non-needle syringe for the whole process of CFD simulation and experimental results for the new R & D non-needle syringe And provide a basis for performance optimization.Needle-free powder injection system suitable for various types of drugs, such as lidocaine, influenza vaccines, AIDS vaccines, hepatitis B vaccine, insulin, such as a huge market share of the drug has entered or will enter into clinical research, in the near future to the market, very substantial future economic profits, in which the needle-free powder lidocaine injection of the expected sales of up to seven billion U.S. dollars. On the other hand, studies have shown that may be single or repeated use of powder-free syringe needle costs are expected to be sold with the existing pre-filled syringe-type balanced, will further contribute to the promotion and popularization of technology, the development of good potential and market prospects.2 Calculation of non-needle syringe modelSyringe without needle cavity geometry as shown in Figure 1. Syringe without needle injection liquid volume is generally 0.1 1.0ml,export jet hole diameter of about 100 200tLm, export jet velocity of about 100 200m / s. Flow Reynolds number of 10 100, can be regarded as laminar flow. Incompressible fluid the continuity equation (A-1)Where, p is the density of liquid; t is time; v for the勃勒operator; V for the velocity vector.Incompressible viscous fluid the Navier-Stokes equation (A-2)Where, p is pressure; v for the flow viscosity coefficient of movement; f for the force per unit volume.Style (A-1), type (A-2) is a viscous incompressible fluid flow the basic equations. Volume force which can not be considered. As a result of Navier-Stokes equations and the nonlinear model of the particularity of the basic analytical solution can not be obtained, numerical simulation is to study non-needle injection fluid an important means of dynamic processes.3 to solve the border issue and the process of Syringe of liquid on the surface at the entrance to the initial pressure imposed on households pn, jet exports to atmospheric pressure, using finite v